国家安全学学科建设中的八大问题探析

Analysis of Eight Issues of National Security Discipline Construction

国家安全学已经成为“交叉学科”门类下的一级学科,在学术界、中央政府以及教育行政部门的共同努力下,我国国家安全学的学科建设取得了很大的成就,但是在研究对象、学科来源、逻辑起点、研究方法、学科群落等方面还存在争议,需要进一步厘清。国家安全学的逻辑起点是国家安全学的起源,要以历史与逻辑相统一的视角探寻国家安全学的逻辑起点;国家安全学是多学科来源,这也是国家安全学的交叉学科属性决定的;国家安全学的学科建设路径融合了多主体和多阶段性;国家安全学的研究对象存在“泛化”和“窄化”之争,在国家安全法律定义的前提下,可以尝试引入类型思维合理限缩国家安全的范围;总体国家安全观坚持系统思维的要求,决定了系统方法是国家安全学的核心研究方法;总体国家安全观追求大安全格局的目标,要求国家安全学的学科群落划分要探寻兼顾学科特征和实践需要的最优解;国家安全教育要合理区分国家安全通识教育、培训教育和专业教育,充分重视教材建设;在坚持系统思维,构建大安全格局的背景下,构建“大安全学”是从根本上解决争议的有效途径。

National security has become a first-level discipline under the category of“cross-discipline”,and with the joint efforts of academics,the central government and educational administrations,the construction of the discipline of national security in China has made great achievements,but there are still controversies over the object of study,the origin of the discipline,the logical starting point,the methodology of study,and the disciplinary cluster.It needs to be further clarified.The logical starting point of national security is the origin of national security,which should be explored from the perspective of unity of history and logic;national security is a multidisciplinary source,which is also determined by the cross-disciplinary attributes of national security;the disciplinary construction path of national security integrates multi-subjects and multi-stage;and the research object of national security has“generalization”and“generalization”.Under the premise of the legal definition of national security,we can try to introduce type thinking to reasonably limit the scope of national security;the overall national security view insists on the requirements of systematic thinking,which determines the systematic approach to be the core research method of national security;the overall national security view pursues the goal of a large security pattern,which requires the national security system to be a core research method;the overall national security concept pursues the goal of a large security pattern,which requires the national security system to be a core research method of national security.The goal of the overall national security view of pursuing a large security pattern requires that the division of disciplinary clusters in national security science should explore the optimal solution that takes into account the characteristics of the discipline and the needs of practice;national security education should reasonably differentiate between general education,training education and professional education in national security,and pay full attention to the construction of teaching materials;in the context of adhering to systematic thinking and constructing a large security pattern,constructing a“large security science”is the fundamental solution to the problem of national security.