新质生产力的理论脉络及关键议题初探——以亚当·斯密、李斯特、舒尔茨、马克思为考察主线

Exploration on the Theoretical Context and Key Issues of New Qualitative Productivity--Taking Adam Smith, List, Schulz, and Marx as the Main Line of Investigation

新质生产力既是马克思主义政治经济学的理论创新成果,也是中国特色自主知识体系的知识创新结果的产物。亚当·斯密、李斯特、舒尔茨、马克思等都围绕着生产力讨论了人类经济社会文明发展的一般规律。新时代新质生产力概念的提出引发科技创新、制度变革、要素集聚、产业重塑等问题域的呈现。新质生产力理论的架构搭建要立足马克思主义政治经济学角度,在不忽略治理主体的运行功效基础上考量其客观经济发展现实,科学测度促成新质生产力的要素组合效率和活力要素。由此,新质生产力理论建构对人们深度思考生产要素创新性组合、经济社会形态变迁以及现实布局产业链发展提供智力支撑。

The new productive forces are not only the theoretical innovation achievements of Marxist political economy,but also the product of the knowledge innovation produced by the independent knowledge system with Chinese characteristics.Philosophers like Adam Smith,List,Schulz,Marx,and others all discussed the general laws of human economic and social civilization development with productivity as the focus.With the proposal of the concept of new quality productivity in the new era,problems such as technological innovation,institutional change,factor agglomeration,and industrial reshaping emerged.In light of this,it is suggested that the construction of the theoretical framework for new productive forces should be based on the perspective of Marxist political economy,which,should take into account of the realization of the objective economic development together with the operational effectiveness of the governing body,and scientifically measure the efficiency and vitality of the combination of factors that promote new productive forces.Therefore,the construction of the new theory on productive forces provides intellectual support for people to deeply contemplate the innovative combination of production factors,the changes in economic and social forms,and the development of industrial chains in practical layout.