增设操纵重大体育竞赛罪的支持与教义学展开

Add Support for the Crime of Manipulating Major Sports Competitions and Doctrinal Development

是否有必要增设操纵重大体育竞赛罪一直存在争议。应以积极刑事立法态势为契机,在《刑法》中增设操纵重大体育竞赛罪。竞技体育内含个人自由、公平公正、经济等方面的价值,应当将公平公正的体育竞赛秩序作为体育犯罪的保护法益。增设本罪能够实现法益的充分保护,规范的明确性与证明标准问题不会成为增设本罪的障碍,将操纵体育比赛行为入罪化不会损害刑法的谦抑性。为配合操纵重大体育竞赛行为的入罪,行政法律法规应明确竞技体育的范围、竞技体育比赛的级别。基于《刑法》分则体系协调性、未来性的考虑,应在《刑法》分则第六章最后增设一节“妨害体育竞赛秩序罪”,并将本罪作为三百六十七条之一。对本罪应配置两个法定刑幅度;犯本罪同时构成其他犯罪的,应数罪并罚。

It has been a controversial that the crime of manipulating major sports competitions should be added.It should take the positive criminal legislation situation as an opportunity to add the crime of manipulating major sports competitions in the Criminal Law.Competitive sports have the value of personal freedom,fairness and justice,economy and so on.Fair and just sports competition order should be regarded as the legal interest of sports crime protection.Adding this crime can achieve full protection of legal interests.The clarity of the norms and the standard of proof will not become an obstacle to the addition of this crime.Criminalizing the manipulation of sports competitions will not damage the modesty of criminal law.In order to cooperate with the crime of manipulating major sports competitions,administrative laws and regulations should define the scope of competitive sports and the level of competitive sports competitions.Based on the consideration of the coordination and the future of the Criminal Law sub-system,it is necessary to add a section of“crime against the order of sporting competitions”at the end of the sixth chapter of the Criminal Law sub-rule,and this crime should be regarded as one of the three hundred and sixty-seven articles.This crime should be configured with two legal punishment ranges;if this crime constitutes other crimes at the same time,it should be punished together.