新挑战与新进展:“一带一路”倡议以来的中尼经贸合作

New Challenges and Progress:Sino-Nepal Economic and Trade Cooperation Since the Belt and Road Initiative

中尼隔山相邻,经贸合作源远流长。自2013年“一带一路”倡议提出以来,中尼经贸合作走上点面结合、砥砺前行的快车道。梳理过去十年中尼经贸全面合作所取得的成绩,不难发现在双边贸易快速增长、商品互补性增强的同时,存在贸易不平衡、贸易结构有待优化、尼泊尔-中国西藏边境小额贸易尚需推动、尼泊尔输华商品类别亟待拓展等问题。中尼双方投资合作方兴未艾、劳务合作初现端倪、金融合作未来可期。面对贸易不对称、外部不友好势力和敌视性舆论导向等挑战,中尼双方应提升双边贸易紧密度和依存度、加强互联互通建设、深化人文合作,协力构建双边外交软实力、共同应对外部势力渗透,切实保障中尼经贸合作进入新时代。

China and Nepal,sharing a mountainous border,have a long-standing history of economic and trade cooperation.Since the Belt and Road Initiative was put forward in 2013,Sino-Nepal economic and trade cooperation has accelerated,combining both broad and targeted efforts.Reviewing the comprehensive cooperation achievements in the past decade reveals significant progress in terms of strong commodity complimentarity and rapid bilateral trade growth.However,challenges remain such as trade imbalances,the need for optimization tradestructures,the underdeveloped small-scale border trade between Nepal and the Xizang Autonomous Region of China,and the urgent need to diversify Nepalese exports to China.Investment cooperation between China and Nepal is on the rise,labor cooperation is beginning to take shape,and financial cooperation has a promising future.In the face of challenges such as trade asymmetry,external hostile forces,and adversarial media narratives,China and Nepal should enhance trade interdependence,strengthen the connectivity infrastructure,deepen cultural cooperation,and collaboratively build bilateral diplomatic soft power to counter external infiltration.These efforts are essential to ensure that Sino-Nepal economic and trade cooperation enters a new era.