父母养育心理灵活性与幼儿问题行为的关系--基于心理安全感和教养效能感的链式中介作用

The Association between Parental Psychological Flexibility and Preschool Children’s Problem Behaviors--A Chain Mediation Analysis of Psychological Security and Parenting Self-Efficacy

为了探究父母养育心理灵活性与幼儿问题行为的关系,以及幼儿心理安全感和父母教养效能感在其中的作用,采用父母养育心理灵活性量表、学前儿童困难与长处问卷、幼儿心理安全感量表和幼儿父母教养效能感量表对重庆市355名幼儿进行问卷调查。结果显示,幼儿问题行为在父母学历和家庭结构中差异显著,幼儿心理安全感在家庭结构中差异显著和父母教养效能感在填表人上差异显著;父母养育心理灵活性、幼儿问题行为、幼儿心理安全感和父母教养效能感两两显著相关;父母养育心理灵活性能显著负向预测幼儿问题行为;幼儿心理安全感、父母教养效能感在父母养育心理灵活性对幼儿问题行为的影响中起链式中介作用。具体而言,父母养育心理灵活性通过三条路径影响幼儿问题行为、幼儿心理安全感和父母教养效能感:幼儿心理安全感的中介作用、父母教养效能感的中介作用以及两者的链式中介作用。因此,提高父母养育心理灵活性、激发父母教养效能感和重视幼儿心理安全感发展可以减少幼儿问题行为的产生。

In order to explore the association between parental psychological flexibility and preschool children’s problem behaviors,and the role of children’s psychological security and parenting self-efficacy,a survey was conducted among 355 preschool children in Chongqing including a parental psychological flexibility scale,a questionnaire of strengths and weaknesses of preschool children,a questionnaire of children’s psychological security,and a parenting self-efficacy scale.It was found that there were distinctive differences in preschool children’s problem behaviors among different parental education and family structures,and in children’s psychological security among different family structures,and in parenting self-efficacy among form fillers.In addition,parental psychological flexibility,children’s problem behaviors,children’s psychological security and parenting self-efficacy were significantly correlated.Parental self-efficacy negatively predicted children’s problem behaviors;children’s psychological security and parental self-efficacy played a chain mediating role in the influence of parental psychological flexibility on children’s problem behaviors.Specifically,parental psychological flexibility affects children’s problem behaviors,children’s psychological security and parenting self-efficacy through three paths:the mediating role on children’s psychological security and parenting self-efficacy,and the chain mediating role on both.Therefore,improving parental psychological flexibility,stimulating parental self-efficacy,and highlighting the development of children’s psychological security can reduce the occurrence of children’s problem behaviors.