美国科罗拉多州增值性教师评价政策实践研究

Exploring the Implementation of Value-Added Teacher Evaluation Policy in Colorado

增值模型注重衡量价值的增减,有助于提高评价的区分度和激励效果,已成为国际教师评价的主流趋势。然而,作为增值性教师评价模式改革的先行者,美国科罗拉多州在相关政策推行的过程中遭遇重重阻滞因素,包括评价标准复杂、教师利益受损、党派冲突博弈,导致政策执行的部分失效,推行阻力较大。为解决增值性教师评价的问题与弊端,科罗拉多州政府对增值性教师评价模型进行了调整,并实施了一系列改革措施。从科罗拉多州教师评价改革中吸取经验,在制定教师评价政策时要警惕唯数据的评价思维,注重简化教师评价方法和流程,增加第三方教育评价机构的专业化指导,在政策与评价标准制定中注重吸取学校的经验与意见。

The value-added model emphasizes the measurement of value increments ordecrements,enhancing the discriminability and motivational impact of evaluations,and has become the mainstream approach in international teacher assessment.However,as a forerunner in reforming value-added teacher evaluation models,Colorado in the United States encountered substantial obstacles in implementing associated policies.Challenges encompassed intricate evaluation criteria,compromised teacher interests,and partisan conflicts,resulting in partial policy ineffectiveness and considerable resistance to implementation.To remedy the deficiencies in value-added teacher evaluations,the Colorado government adapted the model and implemented corresponding measures in practice.Drawing insights from the teacher evaluation reform in Colorado,it is essential to be vigilant against an over-reliance on data-driven evaluation thinking.There should be a focus on streamlining teacher evaluation methods and procedures,integrating specialized guidance from third-party educational evaluation institutions,and considering school experiences and viewpoints in formulating policies and evaluation standards.