我国中医医院服务效率的空间网络结构与形成机制

Space Network Structure and Formation Mechanism of Service Efficiency of Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospitals in China

目的研究我国中医医院服务效率的动态变化情况和空间关联特征,为提高中医医院服务效率和优化资源配置提供参考。方法收集2012年-2021年我国30个省(自治区、直辖市)中医医院相关数据,运用超效率SBM模型测算服务效率,使用社会网络分析法探析空间网络特征,采用QAP方法探究空间网络结构的形成机制。结果2012年-2021年我国中医医院服务效率均值为0.54,年均降幅为1.70%。2012年-2021年网络密度全国均值为0.319,网络效率全国均值为0.589,网络等级全国均值为0.204,度数中心度、接近中心度、中介中心度的全国均值分别为39.77、65.01、2.15。重庆、上海、江苏、北京、天津、广东和福建处于空间网络的核心地位。人均地区生产总值差异和老年抚养比差异会强化中医医院服务效率空间关联关系。结论我国中医医院服务效率水平有待提升,省际间差异明显。中医医院服务效率空间网络具有较高的通达性和稳健性,等级结构不显著,整体均衡性较差且关联强度较低。人均地区生产总值和老年抚养比有助于中医医院服务效率空间网络的形成并产生空间溢出效应。

Objective To analyze the dynamic changes and spatial correlation characteristics of service efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)hospitals,and provide reference for improving service efficiency and optimizing resource allocation.Methods Data related to TCM hospitals in 30 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government)were collected from 2012 to 2021.The super-efficiency slack based measure(SBM)model was used to measure service efficiency,the network characteristics were analyzed by social network analysis method,and the formation mechanism of spatial network structure was analyzed by QAP method.Results The average service efficiency of TCM hospitals in China from 2012 to 2021 was 0.54,with an average annual decline of 1.70%.From 2012 to 2021,the national average of network density was 0.319,the national average of network efficiency was 0.589,the national average of network grade was 0.204,and the national average of degree centrality,proximity centrality and intermediate centrality were 39.77,65.01 and 2.15,respectively.Chongqing,Shanghai,Jiangsu,Beijing,Tianjin,Guangdong and Fujian were at the core of the space network.The differences of GDP per capita and old-age dependency ratio would promote the establishment of spatial correlation of service efficiency in TCM hospitals.Conclusion The service efficiency of TCM hospitals in China needs to be improved,and the difference between provinces is obvious.The spatial network of service efficiency in TCM hospitals has high accessibility and robustness,no significant hierarchical structure,poor overall equilibrium and low correlation strength.GDP per capita and old-age dependency ratio contribute to the formation of spatial network of service efficiency of TCM hospitals and produce spatial spillover effect.