我国基层诊所服务能力现状调研:以智能设备为例

Service Capacity of Primary Clinics in China:a Case Study on Intelligent Devices

目的了解我国基层诊所智能设备配备与需求情况,为提升基层诊所服务能力提供参考。方法采用方便抽样方法,调研我国24个省(自治区、直辖市)的382家基层诊所。结果血糖仪(66.5%)、体温仪(62.3%)和脉搏波血压仪(39.3%)是基层诊所广泛使用的设备;基层诊所最需要的智能设备包括血脂分析仪(33.0%)、舌象仪(31.9%)、脉诊仪(31.4%)等。不同学历基层诊所医生对掌握和使用门诊电子病历系统、住院医生电子病历系统、智能处方系统等有影响,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。基层诊所面临门诊量低(65.2%)、缺乏诊疗特色(49.7%)、医疗技术需提升(47.4%)等困难与挑战。结论我国基层诊所智能设备配置种类与数量较少,缺乏使用设备的专业人才。应从资金投入、人才培训、激励机制建立等方面因地制宜地给予支持,提升基层医疗服务水平。

Objective To investigate the equipment and demand for intelligent devices in primary clinics in China to provide reference for the improvement of service capacity.Methods Convenience sampling method was used to survey 382 primary clinics in 24 provinces(autonomous regions,municipalities directly under the central government)in China.Results Blood glucose meter(66.5%),body temperature meter(62.3%)and pulse wave blood pressure meter(39.3%)were widely used in primary clinics.The most needed smart devices in primary clinics included lipid analyzer(33.0%),tongue imaging instrument(31.9%),and pulse detector(31.4%).Doctors with different educational background in basic clinics had significant influence on the mastery and use of outpatient electronic medical record system,resident electronic medical record system and intelligent prescription system,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Primary clinics faced difficulties and challenges such as low outpatient volume(65.2%),lack of diagnosis and treatment characteristics(49.7%),and need to improve medical technology(47.4%).Conclusion The types and quantities of intelligent equipment in primary clinics in China are small,and there is a lack of professional equipment personnel.Support should be given according to local conditions in terms of capital investment,personnel training,incentive mechanism establishment,etc.,to improve the level of primary medical services.