生态产品法律概念界定

Definition of Legal Concept for Ecological Products

生态产品法律概念的界定是生态产品价值实现法律保障制度的基础和前提。目前规范性文件和学界主要从生态学、管理学和经济学等领域界定生态产品的概念,鲜有法学视角的界定,无法满足生态产品价值实现法治进路的需要。生态产品法律概念的界定应以践行“两山”理念为价值目标,以实现法律概念的认识功能、优化功能及价值功能为导向,厘清生态产品在法律层面具有生态性、非市场性和财产性的属性。基于此,将生态产品的法律概念界定为:维系生态系统安全、保障生态调节功能、提供舒适性环境而无法直接进入市场进行交易,由供给和增益主体占有、使用、收益及处分的自然要素或权益,包含公共性生态产品、私人性生态产品和生态资源权益。

The definition of the legal concept of ecological products is the foundation and prerequisite for the legal protection system to realize the value of ecological products.At present,normative documents and academia mostly define the concept of ecological products from the fields of ecology,management,and economics,with few legal perspectives,which cannot meet the needs of the legal approach to realizing the value of ecological products.The definition of the legal concept of ecological products should be based on the practice of the “two mountains” concept as the value goal,guided by the realization of the cognitive function,optimization function,and value function of the legal concept,clarifying the ecological,non-market,and property attributes of ecological products at the legal level.Based on this,the connotation of the legal concept of ecological products is defined as natural elements or rights that are owned,used,benefited from,and disposed of by supply and gain entities,which can maintain ecological system security,ensure ecological regulation function,and provide a comfortable environment that cannot be directly traded in the market,including public ecological products,private ecological products,and ecological resource rights.