政务数据共享的风险逻辑与法律治理

The Risk Logic and Legal Governance of Government Data Sharing

从风险视角切入,重新审视政务数据共享的实践困境,正是缘于主观上的风险应对能力和客观上的风险化解程度。政务数据共享前承数据采集和存储分析,后接数据流通和开发利用,对政务数据共享风险的考量,既要立足政务数据自身的独特属性,也要关注共享过程中的风险集聚和再生。政务数据共享在技术维度的内生性风险和在实践维度的派生性风险紧密相连、息息相关,共同构筑了错综复杂、千端万绪的风险格局。对政务数据共享风险的法律治理,既需要尊重数据风险逻辑,理性对待数据法治;也应当遵循数据技术原理,切实完善数据立法;同时在法律实施中统筹规范主义和功能主义的双重价值,从政府治理效能提升的综合角度,实现对政务数据共享风险的系统有效治理。

From a risk perspective,re-examining the practical difficulties of government data sharing is precisely due to subjective risk response capabilities and objective risk resolution levels.The sharing of government data involves data collection and storage analysis,followed by data circulation and development and utilization.The consideration of risks in government data sharing should not only focus on the unique attributes of government data itself,but also pay attention to risk aggregation and regeneration during the sharing process.The endogenous risks in the technical dimension and the derivative risks in the practical dimension of government data sharing are closely connected and closely related,jointly constructing a complex and intricate risk pattern.The legal governance of risks in government data sharing requires respect for the logic of data risks and rational treatment of data rule of law.We should also follow the principles of data technology and effectively improve data legislation.At the same time,we should balance the dual values of normative and functionalist approaches in the implementation of the law,and achieve systematic and effective governance of risks related to government data sharing from the comprehensive perspective of improving government governance efficiency.