儿童头癣致病菌的分布现状及防治

Epidemic Status and Prevention and Treatment of Pathogenic Bacteria of Tinea Capitis in Children

头癣是儿童常见的浅部真菌病,具有传染性,部分头癣会造成永久性瘢痕及脱发,严重影响患儿身心健康。随着医疗卫生水平的提高,全国大部分地区的儿童头癣呈散发状态。头癣致病菌种随着人口流动、人们生活水平和环境的改变而有所变迁,不同的临床类型由特定的病原菌种引起。随着饲养宠物的人群逐年增多,以往亲人性菌种变迁为亲动物性菌种。头癣的有效防治措施是积极治疗患儿和带菌动物,消灭传染源,改善生活习惯和卫生条件,切断传播途径以及规范化治疗。

Tinea capitis is a common superficial fungal disease in children,which is infectious,and some cases can cause permanent scars and hair loss,seriously affecting the physical and mental health of the children.With the improvement of medical and health standards,tinea capitis in children in most parts of China is sporadic.The pathogenic bacteria of tinea capitis change with population mobility,living standards and environmental changes,and different clinical types are caused by specific pathogenic bacteria.With the increasing number of pet owners year by year,the bacteria type have changed from the past human friendly type into animal friendly type.The effective prevention and treatment measures for tinea capitis include actively treating the children and the carrier animals,eliminating the source of infection,improving lifestyle and hygiene conditions,cutting off transmission routes,and standardizing treatment.