潜艇舱室空气复合污染影响研究

Study on the effect of air pollution in submarine cabin

潜艇舱室是一个典型的密闭环境,由于艇内人员多、建造材料、仪器设备、非金属材料复杂繁多,导致舱室内部的空气污染物成分非常复杂,空气污染成为影响艇员身心健康的主要因素。潜艇舱室常有的污染气体,会同时影响人体,其复合作用的规律不同于单一气体作用于人体时产生的特征和规律,有必要对空气复合污染物影响人体健康指标的主要因素和影响规律进行分析。本文选取SO_(2)、氟利昂(氟利昂-12)、NO_(2)、甲醛等4种气体作为危害气体研究对象,采用主因素研究法,对舱室主要污染物复合危害效应进行分析研究。研究表明,不同浓度的气体组合对船员健康产生了明显差异的影响,它们浓度水平的高低决定了舱室环境的最差、最佳状态。因此需对上述气体应严格控制,这对保证艇员的健康,增强潜艇战斗力具有重要意义。

The submarine cabin is a typical closed environment.Due to the large number of personnel,construction materials,equipment,and non-metallic materials in the boat,the composition of air pollutants inside the cabin is very complex,and air pollution has become the main factor affecting the physical and mental health of the crew.It is necessary to analyze the main factors and effects of air compound pollutants on human health index.In this paper,SO_(2),Freon(Freon-12),NO_(2),and formaldehyde were selected as the research objects of hazardous gases.The main factor method was used to analyze the compound hazard effects of main pollutants in the cabin.The results show that different concentrations of gas have different effects on the health of the crew,and their concentration level determines the worst and best condition of the cabin environment.Therefore,it is necessary to strictly control the above gases.This is of great significance to ensure the health of the crew and enhance the combat effectiveness of the submarine.