脓毒症患者并发抗生素相关性腹泻的危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors for antibiot-associated diarrhea in sepsis patients

目的探讨脓毒症患者抗生素相关性腹泻(antibiot-associated diarrhea,AAD)的发生情况及危险因素。方法选取2021年7月至2023年7月浙江大学医学院附属金华医院重症医学科收治的126例脓毒症患者为研究对象,根据是否发生AAD分为AAD组和非AAD组。对比两组患者的临床资料和抗生素使用情况,采用Logistic回归分析探讨影响脓毒症患者并发AAD的危险因素。结果126例脓毒症患者呼吸系统感染72例,泌尿系统感染18例,血流感染15例,胸腹腔感染12例,其他感染9例;32例(25.4%)并发AAD。Logistic多因素回归分析显示年龄≥60岁、血乳酸(lactic acid,Lac)及白蛋白(albumin,ALB)水平、应用碳青霉烯类及酶抑制剂类抗生素、抗生素联用、使用激素、住院时间是影响脓毒症患者并发AAD的危险因素(95%CI分别为0.847~0.983、0.074~0.527、1.147~2.034、0.624~1.687、2.132~5.220、0.439~0.882、0.411~0.853、0.478~0.848,P<0.05)。结论重症医学科脓毒症患者并发AAD的风险较高。年龄≥60岁、Lac水平、ALB水平、应用碳青霉烯类及酶抑制剂类抗生素、抗生素联用、使用激素、住院时间是影响脓毒症患者并发AAD的危险因素。

Objective To explore the incidence and risk factors of antibiot-associated diarrhea(AAD)in patients with sepsis.Methods A total of 126 patients with sepsis admitted to Department of Critical Care Medicine,Jinhua Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine from July 2021 to July 2023 were selected as the subjects.They were divided into AAD group and non AAD group based on whether AAD occurred.Compare the clinical data and antibiotic use between two groups of patients,and use Logistic regression analysis to identify the risk factors for AAD in sepsis patients.Results There were 72 cases of respiratory system infections,18 cases of urinary system infections,15 cases of bloodstream infections,12 cases of chest and abdominal infections,and 9 cases of other infections in 126 patients with sepsis;32 cases(25.4%)developed AAD.Logistic multiple regression analysis showed that age≥60 years,lactic acid(Lac)level,albumin(ALB)level,use of carbapenems and enzyme inhibitors,combination of antibiotics,using hormones,and length of hospital stay were risk factors for AAD in sepsis patients(95%CI were 0.847-0.983,0.074-0.527,1.147-2.034,0.624-1.687,2.132-5.220,0.439-0.882,0.411-0.853,0.478-0.848,P<0.05).Conclusion Sepsis patients of department of critical care medicine have a high risk of developing AAD.Age≥60 years old,Lac level,ALB level,use of carbapenems and enzyme inhibitors,combination of antibiotics therapy,using hormones,and length of hospital stay are risk factors for AAD in sepsis patients.