产妇泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟发生率及影响因素分析

Incidence of Delayed Initiation of Maternal Lactation of Stage Ⅱ and Analysis of Influencing Factors

目的分析住院期间产妇泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟的发生率和影响因素,指导母乳科学喂养。方法采用便利抽样法选取医院产科2023年4月至7月收治的分娩产妇121例,按是否发生泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟分为延迟组(41例)和非延迟组(80例)。收集产妇一般人口学特征,分析疾病史、生育史、母乳喂养教育等因素对产妇泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟发生的影响。结果产妇泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟发生率为33.88%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄不低于35岁[OR=3.576,95%CI(1.081,11.833),P=0.037],产次为初产[OR=4.082,95%CI(1.282,12.997),P=0.017],分娩方式为剖宫产[OR=4.648,95%CI(1.347,16.041),P=0.015],妊娠期糖尿病[OR=10.893,95%CI(2.612,45.432),P=0.001],母乳喂养指导[OR=5.399,95%CI(1.458,19.988),P=0.012],母婴30 min内未早期接触[OR=4.200,95%CI(1.316,13.404),P=0.015],新生儿24 h内有效吮吸次数不超过8次[OR=3.845,95%CI(1.141,12.954),P=0.030]均为发生泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟的影响因素。结论该院产妇泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟发生率较高,年龄≥35岁、初产、剖宫产、妊娠期糖尿病、未接受母乳喂养指导、母婴30 min内未早期接触、新生儿24 h内有效吮吸次数≤8次均为发生泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟的危险因素。

Objective To analyze the incidence of delayed initiation of maternal lactation of stage Ⅱ and the influencing factors during hospitalization,and to guide breastfeeding scientifically.Methods A total of 121 women who delivered in the obstetrics department of the hospital from April to July 2023 were selected by convenience sampling method and divided into the delayed group(41 cases)and non-delayed group(80 cases)according to the occurrence of delayed initiation of stage Ⅱ lactation.General demographic characteristics of the mothers were collected,and the effects of disease history,birth history,breastfeeding education and other factors on the occurrence of delayed initiation of stage Ⅱ lactation were analyzed.Results The incidence of delayed initiation of stage Ⅱ lactation was 33.88%.The multifactorial Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥35 years old[OR=3.576,95%CI(1.081,11.833),P=0.037],frequency of delivery[OR=4.082,95%CI(1.282,12.997),P=0.017],primiparity delivery[OR=4.648,95%CI(1.347,16.041),P=0.015],gestational diabetes mellitus[OR=10.893,95%CI(2.612,45.432),P=0.001],breastfeeding guidance[OR=5.399,95%CI(1.458,19.988),P=0.012],early contact between mother and infant within 30 min[OR=4.200,95%CI(1.316,13.404),P=0.015],effective sucking frequency within 24 h of newborns≤8 times[OR=3.845,95%CI(1.141,12.954),P=0.030]were all influencing factors for delayed initiation of stage Ⅱ lactation.Conclusion The incidence of delayed initiation of stage Ⅱ lactation was high in this hospital,age≥35 years,primiparity,cesarean section,gestational diabetes mellitus,lack of breastfeeding guidance,lack of early contact between mother and baby within 30 min,and effective sucks of neonatal period within 24 h≤8 times were the risk factors for the occurrence of delayed initiation of stage Ⅱ lactation.