高校生物实验室危化品的科学化安全管理模式及长效机制

Study on Scientific Safety Management Model and Long-Term Mechanism for Hazardous Chemicals Commonly Used in Life Sciences Research in Colleges and Universities

高校生命科学研究中常用的危险化学品在种类、数量、用途、使用方式等方面与常规化学实验室存在较大差异,但目前国内外普遍缺乏对实验室危化品安全开展学术型、体系化的研究。根据国家对危化品的安全管理要求,针对生命科学研究涉及危化品种类有限的优势,充分考虑危化品使用及管理对象的属性,提出生物实验室危化品科学化安全管理理念体系(CSSM);紧密围绕生物实验室安全管理的特点、重点与难点,以北京大学生命科学实验室管理实践为例,分析其对剧毒化学品、麻醉药品和精神药品、气瓶及常规管控危化品4类典型危化品开展的一系列特色化、创新性安全管理实践,并针对不同类型的常用危化品给出安全管理的科学化建议,为高校生命科学研究中常用危化品的全流程安全管理提供参考,助力生命科学研究领域安全事故少发或不发的良好局面长期保持。

There's a great difference in the categories,quantities,usages,and operation methods of hazardous chemicals between a life sciences lab and a chemistry lab in colleges and universities.However,at present,there is a general lack of academic and systematic research on the safety of laboratory hazardous chemicals at home and abroad.According to the national regulatory requirements and the advantages of a limited variety of hazardous chemicals in life science research,the system of concept of scientific safety management(CSSM)for hazardous chemicals commonly used in life sciences research of colleges and universities is put forward with full consideration of scientific requirements from lab managers.Tightly around the characteristics,key points,and difficulties of laboratory safety management that currently exist,taking the management practice of the life science laboratory of Peking University as an example,a series of characteristic and innovative safety management practices of four typical hazardous chemicals are analysing,including high toxic chemicals,narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances,gas cylinders,and conventional controlled chemicals,and scientific suggestions on the safety management of different types of commonly used hazardous chemicals are given,to provide reference for the safety management of the whole process,and help the good situation of less or no safety accidents in the field of life science research to be maintained for a long time.