基于壁虎干黏附的刚柔耦合捕获单元力学性能研究

Mechanical Study on Rigid⁃flexible Coupling Capture Unit Based on Gecko⁃inspired Dry Adhesion

针对空间碎片清除和非合作目标捕获等在轨作业中的空间动态捕获问题,设计了基于壁虎干黏附机制的刚柔耦合黏附捕获单元,实现冲击接触下稳定黏附附着目标面。分析了碰撞黏附过程的动态特性;搭建捕获性能测试装置并测定黏附单元碰撞/脱附力和速度等参数的关系,分析了黏附捕获—剥离的力学特性,并指导微重力环境下黏附捕获的参数设置;最终测试装置在失重飞机上完成了微重力环境下的自主黏附捕获。结果表明:基于干黏附的捕获单元能够满足空间捕获的应用需求。

To solve the space dynamic capture problems in on-orbit operations such as space debris removal and non-cooperative satellite capture,a rigid-flexible coupling adhesion capture unit based on the gecko-inspired dry adhesion was designed to achieve stable adhesion to the target surface un-der impact contact.A mathematical model was established to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the adhesive impact.A performance testing device was built to measure the relationship between pa-rameters such as the collision/detachment force and speed of the adhesion unit.Dynamic mechanical properties of adhesion capture-detachment were analyzed and a strategy of parameter settings for the adhesion capture in a microgravity environment was summarized.Finally,the adhesive self-captu-ring ability in microgravity was verified by the experiment of parabolic flight,which shows that the developed adhesion device can meet the application requirements of space capture.