新女性写作视野中的“问题小说”创作——以马玉珍小说集《新姐》为例

The Creation of"Problem Novels"in the Perspective of New Women's Writing——Taking Ma Yuzhen's Novel Collection"New Sister"as an Example

张莉教授发起的“新女性写作”研究强调以真实、切近的文本形式,记录下我们这个时代的女性镜像。马玉珍的小说创作对河湟城乡女性的生存及精神状况做出了较为深入的关照和思考。创作过程中,作家启用了女性视角和写实笔法,尝试将小说这种文体用“非虚构”的笔法呈现出来,进而探寻河湟城乡女性与男性、女性与自我以及女性与整个社会之间错综复杂的关系。在真正介入河湟城乡女性的生活场域时,作家所秉持的言说方式和判断尺度,明显带有亲历性和诚挚性的一面。可以肯定的是,作家将塑造人物和提出问题的笔触探向了河湟地区历史与文化、传统与现代的根系深处,从而以真实、切近的文本形式,呈现出河湟城乡女性的重要镜像。从这个角度而言,将马玉珍的小说写作纳入“新女性写作”研究视野,具有一定的合理性和必要性。与此同时,作为乡土小说的一种基本类型,马玉珍的小说对河湟地区民风习俗的书写,无疑成为作品中重要的审美元素。

The research on"New Women's Writing"initiated by Professor Zhang Li emphasizes recording the female mirror image of our era in a realistic and close textual form.Ma Yuzhen's novel creation has provided in-depth care and reflection on the survival and spiritual status of women in urban and rural areas of Hehuang area.During the creative process,the author employed a female perspective and realistic writing style,attempting to present the novel as a non fictional genre and exploring the intricate relationships between women and men,women and themselves,women and society as a whole in the urban and rural areas of Hehuang.When truly intervening in the living environment of women in the urban and rural areas of Hehuang,the way of speaking and the scale of judgment upheld by the author clearly carry a side of firsthand experience and sincerity.It can be affrmed that the author delves into the deep roots of the history and culture,tradition and modernity of the Hehuang region by shaping characters and posing questions,thus presenting an important mirror image of urban and rural women in Hehuang in a realistic and close textual form.From this perspective,it is reasonable and necessary to incorporate Ma Yuzhen's novel writing into the research field of"New Women's Writing".At the same time,as a basic type of local novels,Ma Yuzhen's novels undoubtedly become an important aesthetic element in her works by depicting the cus-toms and traditions of the Hehuang region.