3-5岁儿童讲述故事的叙事能力发展研究

Research on the Development of Narrative Ability of 3-5 Years Old Children in Story Telling

选取华东师范大学儿童语言研究中心zhou2语料库中的400名3-5岁学前儿童作为研究对象,运用国际叙事语言评估工具——MAIN(Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives)中《鸟》的故事作为研究材料进行数据收集,并使用MAIN从故事结构、结构复杂性、内部状态术语、故事理解四个方面,重点考察3-5岁学前儿童讲述故事的叙事能力,以及各要素的叙事水平是否存在年龄差异。结果表明:儿童叙事能力随年龄增长呈不均衡发展态势,且4-5岁为儿童叙事能力发展的转折期;儿童对故事各要素讲述能力的发展具有显著年龄差异;儿童故事理解能力各要素均处于较低发展水平。

A total of 400 preschool children aged 3-5 years from the zhou2 corpus of Children Language Research Center of East Chi-na Normal University were selected as the research objects.The children’s narrative corpus selected by the research was collected from the story of Birds in MAIN(Multilingual Assessment Instrument for Narratives),an international narrative language assessment tool.In addition,MAIN was used to investigate the narrative ability of 3-5 years old preschool children to tell stories from four aspects:story structure,structure complexity,internal state terms,and story understanding,as well as the age differences in the narrative level of each element.The results show that children’s narrative ability develops unevenly with age.The age of 4-5 is the turning period of children’s narrative ability development.There are significant age differences in the development speed of each element of children’s storytelling ability.All the elements of children’sstory comprehension ability are at a low level of development.