时间知觉及其教育审视——以小学语文部编版教材为例

Time Perception and Its Educational Review--The Case of Primary Language Textbooks Prepared by the Ministry of Education

时间知觉作为对事件的客观感知与顺序性的反映,为学生的生理发展和社会性发展提供了学习工具。小学语文课程标准同时也对此作出了一定的要求。教科书是学生进行系统学习的主要材料,也是教师进行教学的主要依据。本文梳理了时间知觉在小学语文部编版教材中的呈现形式,包括家庭学习生活中交织的“时间”、四季动植景象表达的“时间”、国家发展进程呈现的“时间”;分析了时间知觉在该套教材中的表现手法,主要包括通过具体的感官变化串联时间知觉,通过明确的时间词关联形成时间线,通过人物心理、空间、事物的形态变化反映时间知觉,通过同一事物、地域前后对比感知时间知觉;进而剖析时间知觉教育的价值,包括增强对时间的观念感、明了时间的价值感、领悟时间的历史感。培养学生时间知觉的教学策略,要求教师自身必须树立“时间三感”,营造良好的时间知觉培养环境并教会学生捕捉和串联时间知觉。

Time perception,as the objective perception and sequential reflection of events,provides a learning tool for the physical and social development of pupils.The standards of the primary school language curriculum also set certain requirements for this.The textbook is the main material for systematic learning by pupils and the main basis for teaching by teachers.The textbooks in the Primary School Language Curriculum are designed to provide an overview of the forms of time perception,including“time”as interwoven in family learning,“time”as expressed in the movement of the seasons,and“time”as presented in the development process of the country.The textbook also analyses the ways in which time perception is presented in this set of materials,which include linking time perception through specific sensory changes,forming a time line through clear associations of time words,reflecting time perception through changes in the psychology of characters,space and the shape of things,and perceiving time perception by comparing the same thing and place before and after;it then analyses the value of time perception education,including It then analyses the value of time perception education,including enhancing the sense of perception of time,understanding the value of time,and appreciating the sense of history of time.Finally,teaching strategies for developing students’time perception are proposed,emphasising that teachers must develop the“three senses of time”,create a good environment for time perception and teach students to capture and link time perception.