学龄前儿童龋病及家长的口腔健康认知现状调查

Investigation on Dental Caries of Preschool Children and Parents'Cognition of Oral Health

目的调查学龄前期儿童龋病现状及家长的口腔健康认知情况并探讨其影响因素。方法采取多阶段分层随机抽样法,于2022年抽取郑州市1872例学龄前儿童及其家长,调查儿童龋病发生情况及家长口腔健康认知情况。结果本次调查有1800例学龄前期儿童纳入分析,龋病发生率为54.72%。多因素回归分析显示,年龄、家长文化程度、开始刷牙时间、夜间进食频率、进食甜食频率、饮用碳酸饮料频率、家长接受口腔健康知识教育、儿童定期口腔检查、早晚刷牙、饭后漱口、使用含氟牙膏均是学龄前期儿童龋病的影响因素(均P<0.05);男性、家庭月收入≤5000元、文化程度中专及以下、农村均是家长口腔健康认知不佳的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论郑州地区学龄前期儿童龋病的发生率较高,家长口腔健康认知度不高。亟需开展有效的宣教,提高该群体的健康素养,降低儿童龋病风险。

Obective To investigate the dental caries status of preschool children and parents'oral health cognition and explore its influencing factors.Methods In 2022,a total of 1872 preschool children and their parents in Zhengzhou City were selected by holistic,multi--stage and stratifed random sampling method,and the incidence of children’s dental caries and parents'oral health cognition were investigated.Results The incidence of dental caries was 54.72%.Multivariate regression analysis showed that age,parents’education level,time to start brushing teeth,frequency of eating at night,frequency of eating sweets,frequency of drinking carbonated drinks,parents'oral health education,children’8 regular oral examination,brushing teeth in the moming and evening.gargling after meals and using fluoride tothpaste were all infuencing factors of preschool children's dental caries(all P<0.05);male,family monthly income≤5000 yuan,technical secondary school or below,and rural areas are all infuencing factors for parents'poor cognition of oral health(all P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of dental caries among preschool children in Zhengzhou is high,and parents'awareness of oral health is not high.It is urgent to carry out effective education to improve the health literacy of this group and reduce the risk of dental caries in children.