莽山浪畔湖国家重要湿地植物多样性及环境解释

Plant diversity and environmental interpretation of Mang Shan Lang Pan Lake national important wetland

研究莽山高山湖泊湿地植物多样性对环境因子的响应分析,不仅有助于深入了解湿地植物对环境变化下的适应策略,同时对保护当地湿地珍稀濒危物种具有重要价值。采用系统聚类分析、典范对应分析(CCA)和Pearson相关性分析等方法,对研究区30个植物群落样方进行分析,研究植物多样性与环境因子(土壤、水)之间的相互关系。研究结果表明:浪畔湖国家重要湿地植物群落可分为蕨状苔草+宽叶泽苔草群丛、雪白睡莲+莼菜群丛、水毛花+宽叶泽苔草群丛、莼菜+宽叶泽苔草群丛等4类。雪白睡莲+莼菜群丛Patrick丰富度指数和Pielou均匀度指数最低,Simpson多样性指数最高,水毛花+宽叶泽苔草群丛与之相反。浪畔湖国家重要湿地植物多样性与土壤速效钾和水深呈极显著相关性,与水质氨氮呈显著相关性,水深和土壤速效钾是影响湿地植物群落分布格局的主要因子。群落物种多样性指数与环境因子之间存在显著相关性,群落物种丰富度指数随水深增加呈先增后降的趋势,群落物种均匀度指数与水质氨氮浓度之间呈负相关关系。本研究旨在揭示浪畔湖国家重要湿地植物多样性与环境因子之间的生态关系,为保护湿地珍稀物种及维持湿地生态系统稳定提供理论依据。

This study investigates the response of plant diversity in the high-altitude lakeside wetlands of Mang Shan to environmental factors.It not only helps in understanding the adaptive strategies of wetland plant communities to environmental changes but also holds significant value for the protection of local rare and endangered wetland species.In this study,methods such as Hierarchical cluster analysis,Canonical Correspondence Analysis(CCA),and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze 30 plant community plots in the study area,exploring the relationships between plant community diversity and environmental factors(soil and water).The results indicated that the plant communities in the Lang Pan Lake national important wetland were categorized into four groups:Ass.Carex filicina+Caldesia grandis,Ass.NympHaea tetragona+Brasenia schreberi,Ass.Caldesia grandis+Scirpus triangulatus,and Ass.Brasenia schreberi+Caldesia grandis.Among these groups,Ass.Brasenia schreberi+Caldesia grandis exhibited the lowest Patrick′s richness index and Pielou′s evenness index,while had the highest Simpson′s diversity index,with the Ass.Caldesia grandis+Scirpus triangulatus showing the opposite trend.The diversity of wetland plant was significantly correlated with soil exchangeable potassium and water depth and also significantly correlated with water quality ammonia nitrogen.Water depth and soil exchangeable potassium are identified as the primary factors influencing the distribution pattern of wetland plant communities.A significant correlation between community diversity indices and environmental factors,the species richness index of the community exhibited an initial increase followed by a decrease with increasing water depth,while the species evenness index showed a negative correlation with water quality ammonia nitrogen concentration.The study aims to uncover the ecological relationship between plant community species diversity and environmental factors in the Lang Pan Lake national important wetland,providing a theoretical basis for the conservation of rare wetland species and the maintenance of wetland ecosystem stability.