面向国家需求的应急技术与管理专业人才培养体系研究

Research on talent development systems for emergency technology and management majors to meet national needs

为推动高校应急技术及管理专业建设、加强应急救援人才培养,基于国家应急需求明确专业定位,从职业道德素养、理论知识体系、实践技术能力等方面,提出应急技术与管理专业人才培养模式。首先,参考《应急救援技术专业教学标准》和《应急救援员国家职业技能标准》中的职业道德要求,确定专业职业素养;其次,从应急管理预防、准备、响应、恢复(PPRR)模型出发,构建覆盖应急管理全周期的专业核心课程体系;然后,提出学训结合、政产研融合,共同推进应急技能培养和实践创新能力提升;最后,从教材建设、师资队伍、培养质量监控、人才考核体系、持续改进机制等方面,构建人才培养质量保障体系。结果表明:结合应急技术与管理专业的公共服务和社会责任属性、全周期工作内容和全灾种、多主体实际应用,构建人才培养体系,可以建立专业人才培养与实务工作需求之间的紧密联系,为培养德才兼备、理论与实践并重的应急领域高层次应用型人才提供借鉴。

To promote the construction of emergency technology and management majors and strengthen the university talent cultivation of emergency rescue,the majors'characteristics were determined based on the national needs in emergency.Then,a talent development mode for emergency technology and management majors was proposed from aspects of professional ethics,theoretical knowledge systems,and practical technical ability.Firstly,the majors'professional ethics were clarified based on the professional ethics requirements from Teaching Standards for Emergency Rescue Technology and National Vocational Skill Standards for Emergency Rescuers.Secondly,a core curriculum system covering the entire emergency lifecycle was proposed using the PPRR(Prevention,Preparation,Response,Recovery)model including prevention,preparation,response,and recovery.Next,a combination of learning and training,integration of government-industries-research organizations was proposed to advance the cultivation of emergency skills and the enhancement of practical innovation capabilities.Finally,a talent cultivation system was developed from the perspectives of textbooks,faculties,teaching process management,a talent assessment system,and a continuous improvement mechanism.The results indicated that the talent development system integrated with public service and social responsibility attributes,full-cycle work content,disasters,and multi-subjects practical applications.Moreover,the system developed a close connection between talent cultivation and practical work needs and guided for cultivating of high-level applied talents in the emergency field who had moral and professional qualifications and theory and practice capabilities.