土钉支护边坡物理模型试验研究进展

Development on physical model test study on soil nailing supporting slope

为提高工程扰动与自然因素联合作用下边坡稳定性,厘清不同加载条件下边坡土钉支护方式的作用过程及其特点,选取适用于实际工况的最优支护模式及布设工艺,保障边坡结构系统的本质安全。首先,在静力、振动和离心3类受力作用下系统阐述土钉支护物理模型试验过程与结果;其次,对比分析典型边坡支护技术与新型边坡支护方式的特点及适用性;最后,通过复杂环境效应下的物理模型试验,探究海底边坡、台风暴雨边坡及高速远程滑坡3类特殊边坡的变形破坏机制。结果表明:土钉在各类边坡支护中均具有良好的适用性,但对于复杂特殊环境下边坡支护的可靠度与安全系数仍有待提高。实际中需融合新材料新工艺开展组合支护结构研究;同时,加强物理模型试验中的相似材料选取、观测手段创新、特殊环境模拟研究,提高监测数据的高还原度,实现边坡系统的全过程安全保障。

In order to improve slope stability under the combined action of engineering disturbance and natural factors,and clarify the process and characteristics of slope soil nailing under different loading conditions,the optimal support mode and layout technology suitable for the actual working conditions were selected to ensure the intrinsic safety of the slope structure system.Firstly,the physical model test process and results of soil nailing support under three types of static,vibration,and centrifugal forces were systematically elaborated.Secondly,the characteristics and applicability of typical slope support technologies and new slope support methods were compared as well as analyzed.Finally,through physical model tests under complex environmental effects,the deformation and failure mechanisms of three special slopes,namely submarine slope,typhoon rainstorm slope and high-speed and long-distance landslide were explored.The results show that soil nailing has good applicability in all kinds of slope support,but the reliability and safety factor of slope support under complex and special environments still need to be improved.Therefore,in practice,it is necessary to integrate new materials and processes to conduct research on composite support structures.At the same time,it is necessary to strengthen the selection of similar materials,innovative observation methods,and special environmental simulation research in physical model experiments,aiming to improve the high degree of restoration of monitoring data and achieve the full process safety guarantee of slope systems.