航空航天铝合金腐蚀疲劳失效与寿命预测研究进展

Research progress on corrosion fatigue failure and life prediction of aerospace aluminum alloys

铝合金具有低密度、高强度、良好的加工性能和焊接性能等众多优点,在航空航天领域得到了广泛的应用。在沿海或海洋环境中服役的航空航天装备,由于海水飞溅、雨水冲刷,一定程度上会受到腐蚀的影响,因此航空航天铝合金面临腐蚀疲劳的服役条件。本文综述了航空航天铝合金的应用现状,从腐蚀疲劳的失效机理角度,详细总结了腐蚀疲劳裂纹萌生机理、扩展机理以及裂纹的萌生位置和裂纹扩展行为,并对典型航空航天铝合金的腐蚀疲劳性能进行了概述,介绍了近年来在预腐蚀疲劳条件和腐蚀-疲劳交替条件下航空航天铝合金寿命预测的方法。从宏观与微观角度对航空航天铝合金腐蚀-疲劳交替过程进行研究,以及建立更加精准的腐蚀疲劳寿命预测模型是未来研究的重点。

Aluminum alloy has many advantages such as low density,high strength,good workability and weldability,etc.The aerospace equipment in coastal or marine environment will be affected by corrosion to some extent due to the splash of sea water and the erosion of rain water,so the aerospace aluminum alloy faces the service condition of corrosion fatigue.In this paper,the application status of aerospace aluminium alloys is reviewed from the failure mechanism of corrosion fatigue,the initiation mechanism,propagation mechanism,crack initiation location and propagation behavior of corrosion fatigue crack are summarized in detail,the corrosion fatigue properties of typical aerospace aluminum alloys are summarized.The methods for predicting the life of aerospace aluminum alloy under pre-corrosion fatigue condition and corrosion-fatigue alternating condition in recent years are introduced.In the future,it is important to study the macro and micro aspects of the corrosionfatigue alternation process of aerospace aluminum alloy and to establish a more accurate corrosion fatigue life prediction model.