恶性黑色素瘤PET分子影像探针的研究进展

Advances in PET molecular imaging probes for malignant melanoma

恶性黑色素瘤是一种侵袭性强且预后不良的肿瘤类型,其预后和疗效很大程度上取决于诊断时疾病的临床分期。PET/CT是一种放射性核素示踪医学影像技术,利用癌细胞的特异性标志来获取有关肿瘤的信息,用于区分肿瘤组织和正常组织。^(18)F-FDGPET已广泛应用于肿瘤原发及转移灶的显像,然而其对恶性黑色素瘤的微小转移灶和非代谢活性病灶的检出率低且其为泛肿瘤探针。进一步开发新型的恶性黑色素瘤特异性PET分子影像探针仍然具有较高的临床价值。本文基于恶性黑色素瘤的发生率、预后信息及诊疗现状,对现有报道的恶性黑色素瘤新型PET分子影像探针的研究进展做一综述。

Malignant melanoma is an aggressive tumor type with a poor prognosis.The prognosis and treatment outcome largely depend on the clinical stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis.PET/CT is a medical imaging technique that uses radionuclide tracers to identify specific markers of cancer cells and gather information about the tumor.It is used to differentiate between tumor tissue and normal tissue.Although ^(18)F-FDG PET has been widely used to for imaging of primary and metastatic tumor foci,which still has limitations on the detection of microscopic metastases and non-metabolically active lesions in malignant melanoma as a pan-tumor tracer.Therefore,further development of the novel PET molecular imaging probes to improve the detection rate and diagnostic accuracy of malignant melanoma is still of high clinical value.Based on the incidence of malignant melanoma,prognostic information and the current status of diagnosis and treatment,this paper reviews the progress of existing novel PET molecular imaging probes for early diagnosis and clinical staging of malignant melanoma.