有机肥配施对雪茄茄芯烟叶成分和质量的影响

Effects of Combined Application of Organic Fertilizers on Composition and Quality of Cigar Filler

为了提高雪茄烟叶质量,采用正交试验设计研究了3种有机肥[咖啡渣有机肥(A)、酒糟有机肥(B)和菜籽粕有机肥(C)]的3个水平(0 kg/hm^(2)、1 500 kg/hm^(2)和3 000 kg/hm^(2))配施对雪茄烟叶的化学成分、外观质量和评吸质量的影响。结果表明:配施有机肥后使得雪茄调制后烟叶总氮、全磷和氯含量有所下降,全钾、灰分含量及钾氯比均有所上升,烟叶的化学成分更加协调;合理配施有机肥可以提高雪茄外观质量和评吸质量评分,其中咖啡渣有机肥的用量对烟叶外观品质和评吸品质均有明显的影响。综合分析可知,对茄芯烟叶综合品质有利的有机肥配施组合为A2B1C2,即咖啡渣有机肥1 500 kg/hm^(2)+菜籽粕有机肥1 500 kg/hm^(2)。

In order to improve the quality of cigar leaves,the effects of different combined application of three organic fertilizers[coffee grounds organic fertilizer(A),distilled grains organic fertilizer(B)and rapeseed meal organic fertilizer(C)]at three levels(0 kg/hm^(2),1500 kg/hm^(2) and 3000 kg/hm^(2))on chemical composition,appearance quality and smoking quality of cigar leaves were studied by orthogonal test design.The results showed that,after combined application of organic fertilizers,the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and chlorine in tobacco leaves decreased,the contents of total potassium,ash and potassium-chloride ratio increased,and the chemical composition of tobacco leaves was more coordinated.Reasonable application of organic fertilizer could improve the appearance quality and smoking quality score of cigars,among which the amount of coffee grounds organic fertilizer had a significant impact on both the appearance quality and smoking quality of tobacco leaves.According to comprehensive analysis,the organic fertilizer combination beneficial for the comprehensive quality of cigar filler was A2B1C2,which was coffee grounds organic fertilizer 1500 kg/hm^(2)+rapeseed meal organic fertilizer 1500 kg/hm^(2).