不同颜色地膜覆盖对设施番茄土壤水热状况及产量的影响

Effects of Different Colors of Mulching Films on Soil Hydrothermal Conditions and Yield of Greenhouse Tomato

本试验以番茄天赐565f1为试验材料,设置银色地膜覆盖、透明地膜覆盖、黑色地膜覆盖和不覆膜(对照)4个处理,研究在早春低温弱光条件下不同颜色地膜覆盖对设施栽培番茄土壤水热状况和产量的影响。结果表明:与对照相比,银色地膜覆盖、透明地膜覆盖和黑色地膜覆盖处理均可增加0~15 cm土层土壤温度,苗期黑色地膜覆盖增温效果最好,开花坐果期、果实成熟期透明地膜覆盖增温效果最好;3种颜色地膜覆盖均可增加0~15 cm土层土壤含水率和土壤贮水量,保墒效果显著,且苗期透明地膜覆盖和黑色地膜覆盖的保墒效果接近;银色地膜覆盖、透明地膜覆盖和黑色地膜覆盖处理均增加了番茄产量,分别较对照增产6.86%、13.66%和15.08%。从土壤水热状况和产量两个方面综合考虑,在南疆设施番茄早春种植中,3种不同颜色地膜覆盖效果均较好。

In this experiment,four treatments[silver plastic mulching,transparent plastic mulching,black plastic mulching and no plastic mulching(CK)]were set up to study the effects of different colors of film on soil hydrothermal conditions and yield of greenhouse tomato under the low temperature and low light in early spring,by using tomato Tianci 565f1 as the test material.The results showed that compared with CK,silver plastic mulching,transparent plastic mulching and black plastic mulching could increase the soil temperature of 0-15 cm soil layer,and black plastic mulching had the best warming effect at seedling stage,transparent plastic mulching had the best warming effect at flowering and fruit setting stage and fruit maturation stage.Compared with CK,all the three colors of plastic mulching could increase the soil moisture content and soil water storage in 0-15 cm soil layer,and the soil moisture retention effect was significant,and the soil moisture retention effect of transparent plastic mulching and black plastic mulching in seedling stage was similar.Compared with CK,silver plastic mulching,transparent plastic mulching and black plastic mulching could increase tomato yield by 6.86%,13.66%and 15.08%,respectively.From the comprehensive consideration of soil hydrothermal conditions and yield,the effects of three different colors of mulching film was good in the early spring planting of greenhouse tomato in southern Xinjiang.