“出走”的女性——论19世纪外国文学人物形象的女性意识

“Runaway”Women——On the Female Consciousness of Foreign Literature Characters in the 19th Century

中外文学作品中,“出走”的女性不在少数。女性“出走”的原因多样化,因精神囹圄或身体桎梏,或因社会之教俗。“女性出走”作为文学研究的一个母题,是对社会历史及现实的一个观照和映射。通过对外国文学作品《安娜·卡列尼娜》中的安娜、《包法利夫人》中的爱玛以及《红字》中的海斯特等“出走”的女性形象的剖析,结合对作品整体思想的把握、艺术形式的呈现及作家思想倾向的探究,从“个人对理想爱情与生活‘堂吉诃德式’的热烈追求”“社会制度压制下身份错位的‘囚中鸟’”,以及“无法逾越的传统禁锢”三个方面探讨特定历史时期女性意识的表达。

In Chinese and foreign literary works,there are many“runaway”women.The reasons for women’s“runaway”are diverse,due to mental or physical constraints,or social customs.As a motif of literary works,“women running away”is a reflection of social history and reality.Through the analysis of“runaway”women in foreign literature including Anna in Anna Karenina,Emma in Madame Bovary,and Hester in The Scarlet Letter,combined with the grasp of the overall ideology of the works,the presentation of artistic forms,and the exploration of the writers’ideological orienta-tion,this paper explores the expression of female consciousness in specific historical periods from three aspects:“personal passionate pursuit of ideal love and life in the Don Quixote style”,“‘the bird in a cage’with identity displacement suppressed by social systems”,and“insurmountable tradi-tional confinement”.