TGF-β信号通路在骨髓增生异常综合征中作用机制的研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism of the TGF-βsignaling pathway in myelodysplastic syndrome

骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)是一种细胞遗传学与分子遗传学高度异质性的恶性克隆性疾病,且进展为急性髓系白血病(AML)的风险极高。转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)与MDS的发病密切相关,是免疫稳态及免疫耐受的关键执行者,可抑制免疫系统许多组成部分的扩张和功能。TGF-β信号通路能调控微环境中的造血细胞及免疫细胞,抑制其发挥正常生物学功能,从而加快MDS的疾病进展。就近年来TGF-β信号通路对MDS红细胞、T淋巴细胞、自然杀伤细细胞、巨噬细胞的调控作用进行综述,以期为MDS的发病机制及治疗提供新的视角。

Myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS)is a malignant clonal disease with high heterogeneity in cytogenetics and molecular genetics,and the risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia(AML)is extremely high.Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)is closely related to the pathogenesis of MDS.It is a key executor of immune homeostasis and immune tolerance,and can inhibit the expansion and function of many components of immune system.TGF-βsignaling pathway can regulate hematopoietic cells and immune cells in microenvironment,inhibit their normal biological functions,and thus accelerate the progression of MDS.This study reviews regulatory effects of TGF-βsignaling pathway on MDS blood cells,T lymphocytes,natural killer cells and macrophages in recent years,and provides a new perspective for the pathogenesis and treatment of MDS.