不同性别织金白鹅胸肌和腿肌的肉质测定及对比分析

Determination and Comparative Analysis of Meat Quality of Breast Muscle and Leg Muscle of Zhijin White Goose of Different Sex

为研究性别对织金白鹅胸肌和腿肌肉品质的影响,随机挑选40只10周龄健康、体质量相近的织金白鹅(公鹅25只,母鹅15只)进行屠宰,对胸肌和腿肌肉色、pH值、剪切力、失水率进行测定及差异分析,并对胸肌的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、氨基酸、脂肪酸、维生素、铁、铜、锌等指标进行测定及差异分析。结果显示,公、母鹅胸肌和腿肌pH值、失水率差异均不显著(P>0.05);公、母鹅腿肌剪切力均极显著高于胸肌(P<0.01);公鹅腿肌黄度值和红度值极显著高于胸肌(P<0.01),腿肌亮度值显著高于胸肌(P<0.05),而母鹅腿肌黄度值极显著高于胸肌(P<0.01)。公鹅胸肌维生素A的含量显著高于母鹅(P<0.05),母鹅胸肌中镁元素含量极显著高于公鹅(P<0.01),其余指标均无显著差异。综上,性别对10周龄织金白鹅胸肌及腿肌的肌肉品质具有影响,公鹅胸肌中富含维生素A及各类脂肪酸,而母鹅胸肌中含有更多的矿物质元素。

In order to study the effect of gender on the breast muscle and leg muscle quality of Zhijin white geese,40 healthy 10‑week‑old Zhijin white geese(25 male geese,15 female geese)with similar body weight were randomly selected for slaughter,and the color,pH value,shearing force and water loss rate of breast muscle and leg muscle were measured and analyzed.The moisture,crude protein,crude fat,amino acid,fatty acid,vitamin,iron,copper,zinc and other indexes of breast muscle were determined and analyzed.The results showed that the pH value and water loss rate of breast muscle and leg muscle of male and female geese were not significantly different(P>0.05),and the shearing force of leg muscle of male and female geese was significantly higher than breast muscle(P<0.01).The yellowness and redness of leg muscle of male geese were significantly higher than breast muscle(P<0.01),and the brightness of leg muscle was significantly higher than breast muscle(P<0.05).The yellowness of leg muscle of female geese was significantly higher than breast muscle(P<0.01).The content of vitamin A in breast muscle of male geese was significantly higher than female geese(P<0.05),the content of magnesium in breast muscle of female geese was significantly higher than male geese(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in other indexes.In summary,gender has an effect on the muscle quality of breast muscle and leg muscle of 10‑week‑old Zhijin white goose.The breast muscle of male goose is rich in vitamin A and various fatty acids,while the breast muscle of female goose contains more mineral elements.