论“徐芾东渡”故事与张炜的长篇小说创作

The Story of Xu Fu’s Eastward Crossing in Zhang Wei’s Novels

张炜主张中国当代文学创作应该向民间口头文学汲取营养,徐芾东渡故事这一民间口头文学资源在他的长篇小说中得到了独特运用。从小说发生学的意义上来看,徐芾东渡故事是张炜小说的叙事动力,是张炜小说主人公的精神支柱和研究对象,是小说情节往前推进的依据。徐芾东渡故事在张炜小说中的存在既笼罩全篇,又具体融入故事情节之中,它的存在形态主要有三种:一是直接由叙述者叙述,二是在古歌中呈现,三是在其他人物的“作品”中呈现。因与现实的密切关联,徐芾东渡故事的运用使得张炜小说主题的表达具有强烈的隐喻性质。中国口头文学元素赋予张炜小说创作鲜明个性特征,充分体现出民间口头文学传统对中国当代小说创作的重要意义。

Zhang Wei advocates that contemporary Chinese literature should draw nourishment from folk oral literature.The story of Xu Fu’s Eastward Crossing as a folk oral literature resource has been uniquely utilized in his novels.From the perspective of novel genesis,the story of Xu Fu’s Eastward Crossing is the narrative driving force of Zhang Wei’s novels,and the spiritual pillar and research object of the protagonists in Zhang Wei’s novels,and is the basis to advance the plot of the novels.The story of Xu Fu’s Eastward Crossing is present throughout Zhang Wei’s novels and is specifically integrated into the plot.There are three main forms of its existence:direct narration by the narrator,presentation in ancient songs,and presentation in the works of other characters.Due to its close connection with reality,the use of the story of Xu Fu’s Eastward Crossing gives Zhang Wei’s novel themes a strong metaphorical nature.The elements of Chinese oral literature endow Zhang Wei’s novel creation with distinct uniqueness,fully reflecting the important significance of folk oral literature tradition in contemporary Chinese novel creation.