水凝胶敷料减轻烧伤创面瘢痕的研究进展

Research progress of hydrogel dressing in relieving burn wound scar

烧伤伤口包括热、冷、电流、辐射引起的皮肤损伤,由于烧伤伤口极易造成感染,不利于伤口愈合,且容易形成增生性瘢痕,影响患者生产、生活。伤口敷料指的是覆盖于伤口的医用材料,传统的伤口敷料易与伤口黏连,造成伤口感染,不利于伤口的愈合。目前一些新型的伤口敷料如泡沫敷料、水胶体、藻酸盐敷料、透明薄膜敷料等广泛应用于临床,但是这些敷料由于自身的缺点,在烧伤创面中的应用有所限制。水凝胶敷料由于其良好的生物相容性、吸水溶胀性、可降解性、载药缓释性等特点,广泛应用于组织工程及伤口敷料领域。通过研究发现,水凝胶敷料除了可以促进烧伤创面的愈合以外,还可以减轻烧伤创面愈合过程中产生的瘢痕。本文通过总结不同类型水凝胶敷料减轻烧伤创面瘢痕的机制,以期为学者开发新型水凝胶敷料提供思路。

Burn wounds include skin injuries caused by heat,cold,current and radiation.Burn wounds are easy to cause infection,which is not conducive to wound healing,and is easy to form hypertrophic scars,affecting the production and life of patients.Wound dressing refers to the medical material covering the wound.The traditional wound dressing is easy to adhere to the wound,resulting in wound infection,which is not conducive to wound healing.At present,some new wound dressings such as foam dressings,hydrocolloids,alginate dressings and transparent film dressings are widely used in clinic,but the application of these dressings in burn wounds is limited because of their own shortcomings.Hydrogel dressings are widely used in tissue engineering and wound dressings because of their good biocompatibility,water swelling,degradability,drug delivery and so on.Through the study,it is found that hydrogel dressing can not only promote burn wound healing,but also reduce the scar in the process of burn wound healing.This paper summarizes the mechanism of different types of hydrogel dressings to reduce burn wound scar,in order to provide ideas for scholars to develop new hydrogel dressings.