财政分权对城乡融合发展的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Fiscal Decetralization on Urban-rural Development

合理的财政制度安排和财政引导对激发地方活力、推动城乡融合发展进程进而实现乡村振兴战略具有重要意义。研究基于2011—2021年我国省级面板数据,利用全局主成分分析法、建立计量模型,研究财政分权对我国城乡融合发展的影响,及其通过基础设施水平和市场化水平对我国城乡融合发展的中介效应。结果表明:近年来,我国城乡融合发展水平呈上升趋势,但增速缓慢且区域间差异较大;财政分权对城乡融合发展总体来看具有显著的负向影响,并且具有通过抑制基础设施水平提升、引致市场化程度降低从而对城乡融合发展产生不利影响的中介效应,这一结果通过稳健性检验;通过异质性检验发现,财政分权对城乡融合发展的负向效应主要集中在中部地区,对西部区域城乡融合发展表现为显著正向促进作用。深化财政体制改革、完善地方政府绩效考核体系、重视城乡基础设施空间布局、破解阻碍城乡融合发展的制度障碍是推动城乡融合发展的关键举措。

Reasonable financial system arrangements and financial guidance are crucial to stimulate local vitality,promote urban-rural integration development,and realize the rural revitalization strategy.Based on the provincial panel data in China from 2011 to 2021.It employs global principal component analysis and econometric model to analyze the impact of fiscal decentralization on urban-rural integration development in China.The study also explores its mediating effect through infrastructure levels and marketization.The findings indicate a gradual improvement in urban-rural integration in China,albeit with regional disparities and a slow growth rate.Overall,fiscal decentralization negatively affects urban-rural integration,mediating this impact by impeding infrastructure enhancement and reducing marketization levels.This outcome is consistent across various tests.Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the adverse impact of fiscal decentralization is prominent in the central region but positively influences urban-rural integration in the western region.To enhance urbanrural integration,it is imperative to deepen financial system reforms,enhance local government performance evaluations,prioritize urban-rural infrastructure spatial planning,and eliminate institutional barriers hindering integrated development.