智能时代二次创作的著作权保护与限制研究

Study on Copyright Protection and Restriction of Secondary Creation in the Age of Intelligence

智能时代,二次创作产业勃兴发展,原始作品激励与二次创作自由急需一个平衡经济效益和法律正义的协调机制。本文建议:首先,应加快著作权集体管理组织和相关制度的完善,有效对接互联网环境下的著作权集体管理,强化网络服务经营者的监管义务,优化授权许可模式;其次,将“三步检验法+转换性使用”的判断标准纳入合理使用判断体系之中,更加科学合理地判断互联网环境下的二次创作;再次,对于未经许可的二次创作作品,应对其进行著作权法消极保护,赋予其一定的禁止性权利,限制其积极性权利的行使,同时通过法律设计引导市场对未经许可的二次创作进行调节,减少司法资源浪费。

In the era of intelligence,the flourishing development of the secondary creative industry requires a coordinating mechanism that balances economic efficiency and legal justice between the incentives for original works and the freedom of secondary creation.This paper suggests that,firstly,the improvement of copyright collective management organizations and related systems should be accelerated,the collective management of copyright in the Internet environment should be effectively connected,the regulatory obligations of network service operators should be strengthened,and the authorization and licensing model should be optimized.Secondly,the“three-step test+transformative use”judgment standard should be incorporated into the fair use system to judge secondary creations in the Internet environment more scientifically.Thirdly,the unauthorized secondary creations should be negatively protected by the copyright law,which grants them certain prohibitive rights and restricts the exercise of their positive rights,and at the same time,guides the market to regulate unauthorized secondary creations through the design of the law,to reduce the waste of judicial resources.