西北地区大棚吊袋栽培黑木耳品种筛选及营养物质分析

Screening and Nutrient Analysis of Auricularia auricula Varieties for Hanging Bag Cultivation in Northwest China

为筛选西北地区大棚吊袋栽培适宜品种,以国内黑木耳育种单位的6个黑木耳品种为试验对象,比较不同品种在菌丝生长速度、污染率、产量、商品率、转化率之间的差异,筛选出黑威15号和黑丰2号为适宜大棚吊袋栽培的优良品种。同时对2个品种进行了常规营养物质、矿物质、氨基酸等含量的比较,并分析了其所含营养的丰富程度。结果表明,黑威15号菌丝生长速度最快,满棒时间、耳芽形成时间、第1潮采耳时间均最短,且产量、转化率最高。在黑威15号和黑丰2号子实体营养物质中粗蛋白含量最高,粗纤维含量次之;矿物质中钙的含量最高,镁含量次之;氨基酸组成中谷氨酸含量最高,天冬氨酸次之。2个黑木耳品种中的营养物质丰富,黑丰2号子实体中的营养较黑威15号更加全面。

In order to screen suitable varieties for hanging bag cultivation in greenhouse in Northwest China,six Auricularia auricular varieties from domestic breeding units were selected as the test subjects.The differences in mycelial growth rate,pollution rate,yield,commodity rate and conversion rate of different varieties were compared,the Heiwei 15 and Heifeng 2 selected as excellent varieties suitable for hanging bag cultivation in greenhouse.At the same time,the contents of conventional nutrients,minerals and amino acids of two varieties were compared,and the nutritional richness of A.auricula was analyzed.The results showed that the mycelial growth rate of Heiwei 15 was the fastest;full stick time,ear bud formation time and the first flush picking time were the shortest;and the yield and converted efficiency were the highest.The content of crude protein in the fruit bodies of Heiwei 15 and Heifeng 2 was the highest,followed by crude fiber content.The content of calcium in minerals was the highest,followed by magnesium.Among the amino acids,the content of glutamic acid was the highest,followed by aspartic acid.The two varieties of A.auricula are rich in nutrients,and the nutrition in the fruit bodies of Heifeng 2 is more comprehensive than that of Heiwei 15.