猪源病毒细胞毒性T淋巴细胞表位研究进展

Advances in Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Epitopes of Porcine Viruses

主要组织相容性复合体(major histocompatibility complex,MHC)Ⅰ类分子,也称为猪白细胞抗原(swine leukocyte antigen,SLA)Ⅰ类分子,在机体抗原递呈、器官移植、细胞免疫应答和调控等方面起重要作用。细胞毒性T淋巴细胞(cytotoxic T lymphocyte,CTL)表位是抗原经抗原递呈细胞加工后,与SLA-Ⅰ类分子结合并递呈的线性肽段,具有高度特异性,在机体抗原识别递呈和细胞免疫抵抗病毒感染方面发挥着关键作用。CTL表位能够刺激CTLs发挥细胞杀伤作用,主要表现为杀伤病毒。作者将对口蹄疫病毒、非洲猪瘟病毒和猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒等几种重要的猪源病毒的CTL表位研究现状进行综述,并利用生物信息学手段分析SLA-Ⅰ与CTL表位结合基序特征,以期为今后相关猪源病毒CTL表位的研究和多表位疫苗的设计提供参考。

The major histocompatibility complex(MHC)classⅠmolecules,also known as swine leukocyte antigen(SLA)classⅠmolecules,play an important role in antigen presentation,organ transplantation,immune response and regulation.Cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)epitopes are linear peptides that bind and present SLA-Ⅰmolecules after antigen processing by antigen-presenting cells.With high specificity,CTL epitopes play a key role in antigen recognition and presentation and cellular immunity against viral infection.CTL epitopes can stimulate CTLs to play the role of cell killing,which is mainly manifested as killing virus.The author reviewed the current status of CTL epitopes of several important porcine viruses,such as Foot-and-mouth disease virus,African swine fever virus and Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus,and analyzed the binding motif characteristics of SLA-Ⅰand CTL epitopes by bioinformatics,in order to provide a reference for studying CTL epitopes derived from porcine viruses and designing the epitope vaccine in future.