天津市卫生资源配置及公平性分析

Analysis of Health Resource Allocation and Equity in Tianjin

目的应用经济学方法对天津市2017—2021年卫生资源要素进行公平性分析,为政府相关规划和决策提供科学依据。方法描述性分析天津卫生资源指标的数据变化趋势。采用卫生经济学中的基尼系数和洛伦兹曲线对天津市卫生资源配置公平性进行分析。结果2017年至2021年,天津市常住人口呈现螺旋式下降趋势,卫生资源配置要素均保持一定的增长率,其中卫生费用增长率最高。卫生资源各要素按人口配置的基尼系数均在0.4以下。按人口部分的公平性优于按地理分布。结论应进一步加快紧密型医联体建设,促进优质资源下沉。提升基层医疗机构人员待遇,统筹兼顾人口和地理面积分布因素,做到卫生资源合理优化配置。

Objective To analyze the equity of health resources in Tianjin from 2017 to 2021 using economic methods,and to provide a scientific basis for relevant planning and decision-making of the government.Methods To descriptively analyze the trend of data changes of health resource indicators in Tianjin.The Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve in health economics were used to analyze the equity of health resource allocation in Tianjin.Results From 2017 to 2021,the resident population in Tianjin showed a spiraling downward trend,and the elements of health resource allocation all maintained a certain growth rate,among which the growth rate of health expenditure was the highest.The Gini coefficients of health resource allocation by population for each element of health resources were all below 0.4.Equity by population was better than by geographical distribution.Conclusion The construction of close-knit medical alliances should be further accelerated to promote the sinking of highquality resources.The remuneration of healthcare personnel in grassroots institutions should be improved,and the distribution of health resources should be rationalized and optimized by considering factors of population and geography.