氦储运技术研究进展

Advances in helium storage and transportation technology:A review

氦在国防、高科技产业等领域有着重要的用途,氦储运是产业链中的关键环节,研究氦储运技术的发展和相关设备的设计、制造对氦产业的发展至关重要。根据氦储运相态不同,氦储运分为气氦储运和液氦储运。介绍了气氦和液氦的不同储存方式,气氦的地上储存多以高压储存为主,地下储存多以储氦库为主,而液氦以低温低压储存为主;对多层包扎储罐、管束、液氦罐箱、液氦杜瓦罐等储运相关设备进行了阐述。研究认为大规模、长距离运输以液氦储运为主,高压气氦更适合小规模氦储运,最后对氦储运设备未来发展方向进行了展望。

Helium plays a crucial role in various sectors,including national defense and the high-tech industry,making storage and transportation of helium pivotal to the industrial chain.The development of helium storage and transportation technology,along with the design and manufacturing of associated equipment,is essential for the growth of helium industry.Helium storage and transportation are categorized into gas and liquid phases.This study covers different storage methods for gaseous and liquid helium:gaseous helium is primarily stored above ground under high pressure and in underground helium storages,while liquid helium is stored at low temperatures and pressures.This paper elaborates on storage and transportation equipment,including multi-layered wrapping storage tanks,tube bundle,liquid helium tank,and liquid helium Dewar flasks.It is concluded that large-scale,long-distance transportation predominantly utilizes liquid helium as the transportation medium,whereas high-pressure helium gas is more suitable for small-scale transportation.Finally,the future development directions for helium storage and transportation equipment are discussed.