组学技术研究裂殖壶菌高产二十二碳六烯酸的进展

Advances in the Application of Omics Technology in the Study of Docosahexaenic Acid Production by Aurantiochytrium

二十二碳六烯酸(docosahexaenic acid,DHA)是一种n-3多不饱和脂肪酸,它是人体必需的营养物质之一,目前常用裂殖壶菌生产DHA。组学技术作为揭示生物体内复杂调控网络的重要工具,被广泛用于裂殖壶菌高产DHA的机制研究中,这为裂殖壶菌的遗传改造和发酵过程控制提供了基础。本文对目前利用裂殖壶菌生产DHA的历史和主要研究方向进行了概括,并对组学技术在裂殖壶菌中的应用概况进行了综述,阐述了基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学和多组学联用等技术在裂殖壶菌中的研究进展,以及在组学数据基础上的数学模型,以揭示裂殖壶菌高产DHA机制的研究近况,并对未来发展和应用进行了展望。

Docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)is an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid that is essential for human nutrition.Currently,DHA is commonly produced using Aurantiochytrium,and omics technologies are widely used to investigate the mechanism underlying high DHA production in Aurantiochytrium,providing a foundation for genetic modification of Aurantiochytrium and control of the fermentation process.In this article,the history and major research directions of DHA production by Aurantiochytrium are summarized,and the application of omics technology in Aurantiochytrium is reviewed.It also summarizes recent progress in the application of genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,metabolomics and multi-omics approaches as well as mathematical models based on omics data to reveal the mechanism underlying high DHA production in Aurantiochytrium.This review concludes with a discussion of future prospects for the development and application of omics technology.