阴道炎病原体诊断中阴道炎五联检验的应用价值

The Application Value of Vaginitis Five-Item Test in the Diagnosis of Vaginitis Pathogens

目的探讨临床诊断阴道炎病原体实施阴道炎五联检验的价值。方法纳入巩义市人民医院妇科2022年6月至2022年11月556例疑似阴道炎患者,对纳入者阴道分泌物标本进行规范化采集,分别对采集标本进行常规镜检、阴道炎五联检验,观察两种检查方式诊断结果,对比两种检查方式对阴道炎不同类型、阴道炎不同病原体及阴道炎不同白带清洁度检出率。结果556例疑似阴道炎患者中确诊阴道炎380例,非阴道炎176例。通过临床综合检查判定,阴道炎五联检验诊断阴道炎准确度、灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值均高于常规镜检,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);380例阴道炎患者中,包括霉菌性阴道炎104例,细菌性阴道炎110例、滴虫性阴道炎22例,混合型阴道炎12例,其它类型阴道炎132例,阴道炎五联检验与常规件镜检对不同类型阴道炎阳性检出率比较发现对霉菌性、细菌性、滴虫性、混合型阴道炎阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对其他类型阴道炎阳性检出率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);阴道炎五联检验对不同阴道病原体阳性检出率均较常规镜检高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);556例疑似阴道炎患者中,经评估白带清洁度发现Ⅰ度54例,Ⅱ度123例,Ⅲ度313例,Ⅳ度66例,应用常规镜检、阴道炎五联检验检测白带清洁度,结果显示两种检查方式检测Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度、Ⅳ度阳性检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论阴道炎五联检验应用于阴道炎病原体诊断中的价值较高,相较常规镜检法,阴道炎五联检验诊断的准确性、灵敏度、特异度更高。此外,阴道炎五联检验还能对白带清洁度进行有效评估,为临床阴道炎诊疗提供了重要的数据信息。

Objective To explore the value of implementing the vaginitis five-item test in the clinical diagnosis of vaginitis pathogens.Methods A total of 556 suspected vaginitis patients from the Department of Gynecology of Gongyi People’s Hospital from June 2022 to November 2022 were included.The vaginal secretion specimens of the included patients were collected in a standardized manner,and the collected specimens were subjected to routine microscopy and vaginitis five-item test respectively.The diagnostic results of the two examination methods were observed,and the detection rates of different types of vaginitis,different vaginitis pathogens,and different vaginal discharge cleanliness by the two examination methods were compared.Results Out of 556 suspected cases of vaginitis,380 were confirmed as vaginitis,and 176 were not.It was determined through comprehensive clinical examination that the accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,and negative predictive value of the five-in-one vaginitis test in diagnosing vaginitis were all higher than routine microscopy,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Among the 380 cases of vaginitis,there were 104 cases of fungal vaginitis,110 cases of bacterial vaginitis,22 cases of trichomonas vaginitis,12 cases of mixed vaginitis,and 132 cases of other types of vaginitis.The comparison of the positive detection rate of different types of vaginitis by the five-in-one vaginitis test and routine microscopy found that the differences in the positive detection rates of fungal,bacterial,trichomonas,and mixed vaginitis were statistically significant(P<0.05),while the difference in the positive detection rate of other types of vaginitis was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The positive detection rate of different vaginal pathogens by the five-in-one vaginitis test was higher than that of routine microscopy,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Among the 556 suspected cases of vaginitis,the cleanliness of vaginal discharge was evaluated to find 54 cases of gradeⅠ,123 cases of gradeⅡ,313 cases of gradeⅢ,and 66 cases of gradeⅣ.The results of the routine microscopy and the five-in-one vaginitis test showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the positive detection rate of gradesⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,andⅣ(P>0.05).Conclusion The vaginitis five-item test has a high value in the diagnosis of vaginitis pathogens.Compared with routine microscopy,the vaginitis five-item test has higher accuracy,sensitivity,and specificity in diagnosis.In addition,the vaginitis five-item test can also effectively evaluate the cleanliness of vaginal discharge,providing important data information for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of vaginitis.