日粮中添加复合益生菌对西门塔尔犊牛生长性能、血清指标及瘤胃发酵性能的影响

Effects of compound probiotics supplied in dietary on growth performance,serum indexes and rumen fermentation performance of Simmental calves

为研究日粮中添加复合益生菌对西门塔尔犊牛生长性能、血清指标及瘤胃发酵性能的影响,试验选取体重相近、70日龄的健康西门塔尔牛犊牛共18头,随机分为对照组、试验I组、试验II组。试验I组和II组分别在基础日粮基础上,额外添加1.5 g和3 g益生菌,试验60 d。结果表明:(1)试验II组犊牛平均日增重较对照组提高了18.31%(P <0.05),而干物质采食量和饲料转化效率在三组之间差异并不显著(P> 0.05)。(2)血液生化指标中谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、总蛋白、白蛋白、胆固醇和甘油三酯各组之间差异不显著(P> 0.05);试验II组Ig G和IL-6等免疫指标较对照组分别提高了26.08%和20.17%(P <0.05),其他免疫指标包括免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白M、白细胞介素-4、白细胞介素-10各组间差异不显著(P> 0.05)。(3)试验II组瘤胃氨态氮和丁酸含量较对照组分别提高了49.85%和45.17%,乙酸含量降低了34.24%(P <0.05),其他瘤胃发酵参数pH、丙酸和异丁酸在各组之间差异不显著(P> 0.05)。以上结果表明,犊牛日粮中添加复合益生菌能够促进犊牛的生长性能,提高免疫功能和瘤胃发酵功能。本试验中,以添加3 g/(头·d)的复合益生菌较适宜。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of probiotics in diet on growth,serum and rumen fermentation performance of Simmental calves.Eighteen 70-day-old Simmental calves with about same body weight were used.In the control group,calves were fed a basal diet.In the experimental groups,calves were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1.5 g and 3 g of probiotics,respectively.The pre-trial lasted for 7 d and the experimental lasted for 60 d.The results showed that:(1) The average daily gain(ADG) of group II was significantly higher than control group by 18.31%(P < 0.05),but differences were not found in dry matter intake and feed efficiency among all groups(P > 0.05).(2) There were no significant differences in blood biochemical indices of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase,total protein,albumin,cholesterol and triglyceride(P > 0.05).The IgG and IL-6 of group II was significantly higher than control group by 26.08% and 20.17% respectively(P < 0.05).Other immune indexes including immunoglobulin A,immunoglobulin M,interleukin-4 and interleukin-10 were not significantly different among all groups(P >0.05).(3) Compared with control group,rumen ammonia nitrogen and butyric acid contents in trial group II were significantly increased by 49.85% and 45.17% respectively,while acetic acid content was significantly decreased by 34.24%(P < 0.05).Other rumen fermentation parameters p H,propionic acid and isobutyric acid were not significantly different among groups(P > 0.05).In conclusion,supplementation of probiotics improved calves growth performance,enhanced immune function and improved rumen fermentation function of Simmental calves.In this experiment,it was more suitable to add 3 g/(head·d) compound probiotics.