白水江国家级自然保护区羚牛生境特征及潜在分布

Habitat characteristics and potential distribution of Takin(Budorcas taxicolor)in Baishuijiang National Nature Reserve

羚牛(Budorcas taxicolor)是国家一级保护野生动物,对其生境评估有助于科学保护该物种的栖息地.以白水江国家级自然保护区为例,通过样线法对羚牛的痕迹点进行调查,并记录痕迹点所处的生境特征,利用最大熵模型对保护区羚牛生境进行了适宜性评价和预测.结果显示,羚牛的适宜生境主要分布在让水河、刘家坪和丹堡河保护站,总分布面积为634.33km^(2),占保护区总面积的34.51%,占核心区面积的70.36%.采用的生物地理模型可靠(AUC>0.80),在6个环境变量中,贡献最大的是年均温,其次为年降水量,第三是坡度.白水江保护区羚牛生态源地的最低海拔为1600m,最高出现在3300m.需要加强该区域的干扰控制、管理和监测,减缓人为活动对该生态源地的进一步挤压.

Takin(Budorcas taxicolor)is a national first-class protected wild animal,and assessing its habitat is essential for the scientific conservation of this species.Taking Baishuijiang National Nature Reserve as a case study,we conducted surveys of Takin trace points using transect methods,recording the habitat characteristics of these points.The Maximum Entropy(MaxEnt)model was utilized to assess and predict the habitat suitability for Takin within the reserve.The results indicate that suitable Takin habitats are primarily distributed around the Jiangshui River,Liujia Ping,and Danbu River protection stations,covering a total area of 634.33km^(2),accounting for 34.51%of the reserve's total area and 70.36%of the core area.The employed biogeographical model is reliable(AUC>0.80).Among the six environmental variables considered,the annual mean temperature contributes the most,followed by annual precipitation,and then slope.The minimum altitude of Takin ecological source areas in the Baishuijiang Reserve is 1600 m,reaching a maximum of 3300 m.It is imperative to strengthen disturbance control,management,and monitoring in this region to mitigate further human-induced pressure on this ecological source area.