沙尘天气对柏树花粉变应性鼻炎患者症状用药情况的影响

Effect of Dusty Weather on Symptoms and Medication Use in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Due to Cypress Pollen Allergy

目的探讨沙尘天气对柏树花粉变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)患者症状严重程度及用药情况的影响。方法招募柏树花粉AR患者81例,记录2019~2023年患者于柏树花粉授粉期间每日鼻结膜炎症状评分及药物评分,在国家环境监测站数据库、中央气象台官方网站及中国气象局气象数据中心网络数据库获取北京市受沙尘天气影响的日期及每日气象数据,应用多元线性回归分析研究沙尘天气对于AR日均症状评分和日均症状药物综合评分的影响。结果在控制柏树花粉浓度与气象因素影响的前提下,AR患者日均症状评分及日均症状药物综合评分均与是否“沙尘日”呈正相关。多元线性回归分析结果显示,日均症状评分:r=0.39,95%CI:0.057~0.724,P=0.022;日均症状药物综合评分:r=1.199,95%CI:0.420~1.977,P=0.003。另外,AR患者日均症状评分和日均症状药物综合评分与柏树花粉浓度也呈正相关,“log_(10)花粉数”每升高1,则日均症状评分升高0.338分,日均症状药物综合评分升高0.602分。结论沙尘天气作为一个独立危险因素对柏树花粉AR患者症状及用药情况产生影响。

Objective To investigate the effect of dusty weather on the symptom severity and medication use in patients with allergic rhinitis(AR)due to cypress pollen allergy.Methods Eighty-one patients with AR due to cypress pollen allergy were recruited.Nasal conjunctivitis symptom scores and medication scores were recorded every day during the cypress pollen pollination period between 2019-2023,the date and daily meteorological data of Beijing affected by dusty weather were obtained from the official website.The effects of dusty weather on the daily symptom score and daily combined symptom and medication score were analyzed using the multiple linear regression model.Results Under the premise of controlling the effects of cypress pollen concentration and meteorological factors,there were statistically significant positively correlation between daily symptom score,daily combined symptom and medication score and whether or not“dust day”in AR patients.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the daily symptom score was r=0.39,95%CI:0.057-0.724,P=0.022;daily combined symptom and medication score was r=1.199,95%CI:0.420-1.977,P=0.003.In addition,the daily symptom score and the daily combined symptom and medication score of AR patients also had a statistically significant positive correlation with the cypress pollen concentration,with a 0.338-point increase in daily symptom score and a 0.602-point increase in daily combined symptom and medication score for every 1-point increase in“log_(10)pollen count”.Conclusion Dusty weather as an independent risk factor influences symptoms and medication use in AR patients with cypress pollen allergic.