重读《入伍》:“有机知识分子”作为标尺

Re-read "Enlistment":"Organic Intellectuals" as a yardstick

《入伍》是丁玲写知识分子生活道路上的深化和转折点,折射出作家20世纪40年代的政治倾向和文学追求。其中,对于延安时期“知识青年如何入伍”的探讨,涉及新民主主义革命时期知识分子在战时的社会职能问题,与葛兰西文化理论中“有机知识分子”的思想诉求存在契合之处。文章在葛兰西知识分子论的理论视域下,从“有机知识分子”的结构和文化特性入手,探究以徐清为代表的延安知识青年的局限性和改造方向,进而揭示传统知识分子与“有机知识分子”间的区别、联系和转化。事实上,丁玲自奔赴延安后,对于坚持与工农兵相结合的创作方向、投入民族革命战争事业产生了文化认同,一定程度上展现了作家的现实主义文学观和革命期望。

"Enlistment" is the deepening and turning point of Ding Ling's intellectual life,reflecting her political tendency and literary pursuit in the 1940s.Among them,the discussion of "How to enlist Rusticated Youth of China in the Army" during the Yan' an period involves the question of the social functions of intellectuals during the new democratic revolution in wartime,it fits in well with the ideological aspirations of "the Organic intellectuals" in Antonio Gramsci's cultural theory.Based on the theory of intellectuals in Antonio Gramsci,this paper explores the limitations and transformation direction of the Yan' an Rusticated Youth of China,represented by Xu Qing,from the perspective of the structure and cultural characteristics of organic intellectuals,furthermore,it reveals the differences,connections and transformations between traditional and organic intellectuals.In fact,after Ding Ling left for Yan 'an,she developed a cultural identity for her work with workers,peasants and soldiers,and for her devotion to the cause of the National Revolutionary War,to some extent,it shows the writer's literary realism and revolutionary expectations.