三维地震资料时变空变频谱编辑高分辨率处理方法

A high-resolution processing method for editing time-varying and spatiotemporal spectra of 3D seismic data

地震资料由于地层吸收衰减等方面原因,地震剖面的纵向分辨率时常无法满足勘探开发的需求,因此需要对地震资料进行提频或者优势频带加强等处理。笔者基于时频分析的频率恢复技术,通过给定三维频率域编辑系数,并且通过三维空间线性插值、移动步长平滑等处理,得到对应三维地震数据体每一道数据的频率域频谱优化调整算子。再将频率域算子转时间域与地震数据进行卷积运算,实现对三维地震数据体振幅谱编辑,以此进行提高分辨率处理。模拟数据和实际地震资料验证测试表明,能够有效地对地震数据振幅谱进行优化处理,对于提高地震资料的分辨率、拓展资料频带、提高主频等具有很好的作用。

Due to various reasons,such as absorption and attenuation of seismic data,the longitudinal resolution of the seismic profile sometimes cannot meet the needs of exploration and development so that the seismic data will be processed by increasing frequency or strengthening the dominant frequency band.In this paper,through 3D operator editing,3D space variant linear difference calculation,and moving step smoothing in the frequency domain,each trace of 3D seismic data volume corresponds to its corresponding spectrum adjustment operator.Then,the operator is converted to the time domain using the seismic data convolution operation method.When time variant adjustment is required,the convolution operation between multiple time windows is processed by difference and extrapolationto realize the space variant and time variant spectrum editing method of 3D seismic data volume.Through the application of analog data and actual data,it is verified that the method in this paper can effectively optimize the programming of frequency amplitude spectrum and has a good role in improving the resolution of data,expanding the frequency band of data,improving the dominant frequency,strengthening weak signals,etc.