多角度弱纹理文物三维扫描测量方法

Multi-angle Weak Texture Cultural Relics 3D Scanning Measurement Method

古文物的数字化重建是考古发掘的重要分析手段,但弱纹理特征的文物结构很难准确配准,从而引起较大的三维重建误差。针对该问题,提出基于互补格雷码-相移法的三维重建方法,并通过转台辅助完成多角度点云配准。首先,建立双目-转台位姿转换模型,完成系统标定;其次,在扫描过程中使用互补格雷码-相移法获得高质量的相位信息,通过极线校正和立体匹配得到单片点云数据;最后,采用精密转台的多角度拼接方法实现各个方向的点云图像组合,构建完整的文物三维点云图像。为了验证所提方法的有效性,搭建了双目结构光三维重建系统搭配高精度转台实验平台,实验结果表明:所提算法的误差低于0.11 mm,深度相机方法的误差为6.96 mm,比所提方法误差大63.27倍,证明结构光三维重建系统对弱纹理特征物体重建具有优势,同时转台的应用也实现了对均匀对称物体的多角度三维重建。

The digital reconstruction of ancient artifacts is an important analytical tool for archaeological excavations,but the structure of cultural relics with weak texture features is difficult to accurately register,resulting in significant 3D reconstruction errors.A three-dimensional reconstruction method based on complementary Gray code phase shift method is proposed to address this issue,and multi-angle point cloud registration is completed with the assistance of a turntable.Firstly,establish a binocular turntable pose transformation model and complete system calibration;Secondly,during the scanning process,the complementary Gray code phase shift method is used to obtain high-quality phase information,and single point cloud data is obtained through epipolar correction and stereo matching;Finally,the multi-angle stitching method of precision turntable is used to achieve the combination of point cloud images in various directions,and to construct a complete three-dimensional point cloud image of cultural relics.An experimental verification platform is built to verify the effectiveness of the method.The experimental results show that the error of the proposed algorithm is less than 0.11 mm,and the error of the depth camera method is 6.96 mm,which is 63.27 times larger than the error of the method proposed.It proves that the method proposed has advantages in building weak texture feature objects,and at the same time,the application of the turntable also achieved multi-angle 3D reconstruction of uniformly symmetric objects.