福建龙栖山国家级自然保护区林下鸟类和兽类资源的红外相机监测

Camera-trapping Survey of Wild Mammals and Ground-dwelling Birds in Longqishan National Nature Reserve,China

【目的】深入了解福建龙栖山国家级自然保护区野生动物资源现状。【方法】从2022年6月至2023年6月,在保护区内布设了33台红外相机对鸟类和兽类多样性进行初步调查。【结果】调查累计11680个相机工作日,共获得照片15009张,其中可识别物种的独立有效照片2831张,记录到兽类和鸟类共22种,其中兽类16种,隶属于5目9科;鸟类6种,隶属于2目3科。发现国家一级重点保护野生动物3种,即黑麂(Muntiacus crinifrons)、黄腹角雉(Tragopan caboti)和白颈长尾雉(Sytmaticus ellioti);国家二级重点保护野生动物6种,分别是黑熊(Ursus thibetanus)、猕猴(Macaca mulatta)、短尾猴(M.arctoides)、中华鬣羚(Capricornis milneedwardsii)、白鹇(Lophura nycthemera)和白眉山鹧鸪(Arborophila gingica);被IUCN红色名录评估为易危(VU)的动物6种以及隶属于近危(NT)的动物1种。兽类相对多度指数最高的是小麂(M.reevesi)(RAI=7.852),鸟类相对多度指数最高的是白鹇(RAI=8.031)。【结论】调查补充了福建龙栖山国家级自然保护区的鸟兽多样性数据,调查结果反映了现今保护区内野生动物资源状况,为保护区野生动物保护和资源管理提供了参考信息,是保护区系统建立野生动物监测体系、有效开展保护管理的基础,并可为长期的生物多样性监测和评价提供支撑。

【Objective】The purpose of this study is to gain in-depth understanding of wildlife resources situation in Longqishan National Nature Reserve(LNNR).【Method】From June 2022 to June 2023,33 infrared camera traps were deployed to conduct preliminary surveys of bird and mammal species.【Result】With an extensive survey effort of 11680 camera-days,a total of 15009 photographs were obtained,of which 2831 independent images of identifiable species were obtained.16 wild mammal species(5 orders and 9 families)and 6 bird species(2 orders and 3 families)were identified.Among all the detected species,3 species were listed as first-class national protected wildlife(Muntiacus crinifrons,Tragopan caboti and Sytmaticus ellioti),and 6 species were listed as second-class national protected wildlife(Ursus thibetanus,Macaca mulatta,M.arctoides,Capricornis milneedwardsii,Lophura nycthemera and Arborophila gingica).Six species were listed as vulnerable,and one as near threatened according to the IUCN Red List.Based on the relative abundance index,the most abundant mammal species was M.reevesi(RAI=7.852),the most detected bird species was L.nycthemera(RAI=8.031).【Conclusion】This survey supplemented the data of bird and mammal diversity,and reflected the situation of wildlife resources,provided a reference for wildlife protection and resources management in LNNR.It also provided a basis for the establishment of a wildlife monitoring system in LNNR system and effective protection,which were conducive to the long-term monitoring of biodiversity in LNNR.