双筒双板式浮式防波堤消浪性能研究

Study on the wave dissipation performance of double-cylinder and double-plate floating breakwater

浮式防波堤具有对海洋环境友好、施工方便、造价受水深影响小等优点,在海岸工程领域有广阔的应用前景。但受消波效果不稳定、结构易破坏且对锚泊系统要求高等因素的影响,浮式防波堤在实际工程应用中面临较大的挑战。本文采用物理模型试验以及基于OpenFoam的数值模拟方法,对一种由双浮筒、双竖板与水平连接板组成的新型浮式防波堤结构进行消浪性能研究。讨论波浪要素、相对竖板高度、相对水平连接板宽度等因素对双筒双板式浮式防波堤(DCDPFB)消浪性能的影响,分析其周围形成的局部涡量与速度场变化,确定相对最优的结构尺寸。结果表明,相对水平连接板宽度、相对竖板高度和半圆柱体尺寸是影响DCDPFB消浪性能的关键因素;波高与入水深度对透射系数的影响较小;DCDPFB周围形成的局部涡量与速度场变化是耗散波浪能量的重要因素;按照相对最优结构尺寸建造的DCDPFB试验段,在海上原型试验中表现出良好的消波性能。

Floating breakwaters have the advantages of being friendly to the marine environment,convenient construction,and small cost affected by water depth,which have a broad application prospect in the field of coastal engineering.However,due to the unstable effect of wave dissipation,easy structural damage,and high requirements on mooring system,floating breakwaters are facing greater challenges in practical engineering applications.In this paper,the wave dissipation performance of a new type of floating breakwater structure consisting of double cylinders,double vertical plates and horizontal connecting plates is investigated by using physical model tests and numerical simulation methods based on OpenFoam.The effects of wave elements,relative vertical plate heights,and relative horizontal connecting plate widths on the wave dissipation performance of the double-cylinder,double-plate floating breakwater(DCDPFB)are discussed,and the changes in local vorticity and velocity fields around the DCDPFB are analysed to determine the optimal structural dimensions.The results show that the relative width of the horizontal connecting plate,the relative height of the vertical plate and the size of the semicylinder are the key factors affecting the wave dissipation performance of the DCDPFB;the wave height and the depth of water entry have a small influence on the transmittance coefficient;the local vortex and velocity field formed around the DCDPFB are the important factors for dissipating wave energy;the test section of the DCDPFB constructed in accordance with the relative optimal structural dimensions showed good wave dissipation performance during the offshore prototype tests.The DCDPFB test section,built according to the relatively optimal structural dimensions,shows good wave dissipation performance in the offshore prototype tests.