学前儿童道德教育基本结构与关键指标的国际比较研究

An International Comparative Study of the Basic Structure and Key Indicators of Preschool Children's Moral Education

学前儿童道德教育关注道德行为、道德情感与道德认知的培养,在各维度之下实现自我、社会与国家三个层阶的道德教育目标,体现了道德整全发展的伦理逻辑与价值取向。依据程序化扎根理论,通过文本筛选、框架确立、并置比对、穿梭比较、得出结论与主要启示六步研究程序,运用MAXQDA分析软件对11份典型国际文本进行比较研究,最终析出学前儿童道德教育三维三阶基本结构及其下设的自我管理、诚实勇敢等27个关键指标。研究提出,明晰道德教育框架,构建符合时代要求的道德教育体系;注重道德教育规律,强化学前儿童过程性道德行为实践;聚焦道德教育情境,激发学前儿童情境性道德情感体验;丰富道德教育经验,充实学前儿童基础性道德认知。

Moral education for preschool children centers on fostering moral behavior,emotions,and cognition,aiming to achieve moral education goals at the individual,societal,and national stages.This reflects a comprehensive ethical logic and value orientation for moral development.Grounded in Proceduralised Grounded Theory,this study adopted a six-step research process encompassing text screening,framework establishment,juxtaposition comparison,iterative comparison,conclusion drawing,and derivation of key implications.Utilizing MAXQDA analysis software,a comparative study on 11 representative international texts was conducted.This research uncovered 27 key indicators embedded within three-dimensional and three-stage basic structure of moral education tailored for preschool children,including aspects such as self-management,honesty,and bravery.Our study advocates for clarity in the moral education framework to forge a system that aligns with contemporary needs,underscores the rules of moral education to bolster procedural moral behavior practices among preschoolers,emphasizes the contextual aspect of moral education to evoke situational moral emotional experiences in these children,and enriches moral education experiences to enhance their foundational moral cognition.