黄瓜种质资源果实性状遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity analysis of fruit-related traits in cucumber germplasm resource

为深入了解黄瓜果实性状的遗传多样性,优化育种策略,对221份种质资源的13个果实农艺性状进行遗传多样性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析。结果表明,221份黄瓜种质资源的遗传多样性指数平均为1.392,平均变异系数为30.78%。相关性分析表明,除瓜瘤大小外,其他12个性状均有与其关联性较高的性状;主成分分析表明,前4个主成分(PC1~PC4)的累积贡献率为68.82%,包含了黄瓜果实性状的大部分信息。通过表型性状及分子标记分别对种质资源进行聚类分析,结果表明,在欧式距离为0.003时,将221份种质资源的表型性状分为5类,每一类分别包含90、65、9、38、19份种质资源;在欧式距离为1.400时,将221份种质资源采用分子标记分为5类,分别包含了35、70、45、54、17份种质资源。表型数据和分子标记聚类结果对比,发现两者具有一定的吻合度,但仍存在差异。研究结果为优良育种亲本的选配奠定了一定的基础,也为后续工作提供了参考。

To understand the genetic diversity of cucumber fruit traits and optimize breeding strategies,genetic diversity analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed for 13 fruit agronomic traits of 221 germplasm resources.The results showed that the average genetic diversity index of 221 cucumber germplasm resources was 1.392,with the average coefficient of variation of 30.78%.Correlation analysis showed that except the size of fruit tumor,the other 12 traits had high correlation.Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the four principal components(PC1-PC4)was 68.82%,which contained most of the information of cucumber fruit traits.Cluster analysis was conducted on germplasm resources using phenotypic traits and molecular markers.The results showed that the phenotypic traits of 221 germplasm resources were divided into 5 categories when the Euclidean distance was 0.003,and each category contained 90,65,9,38 and 19 germplasm resources,respectively.When the Euclidean distance was 1.400,the molecular markers of 221 germplasm resources were divided into 5 categories,including 35,70,45,54 and 17 germplasm resources,respectively.The comparison between phenotype data and molecular marker clustering results showed that there was a certain degree of agreement between them.The results have laid a foundation for the selection of excellent breeding parents and provided a reference for the subsequent work.